Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
18 consonants
3 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Pharyngeal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | b | td | · | · | kɡ | ʡ | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | · | · | · | · | ||||||
| Trill | · | r | · | · | · | · | ||||||
| Fricative | · | s | ʃ | · | ɣ | ħ | ||||||
| Affricate | · | · | tʃdʒ | · | · | · | ||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | j | w | · | ||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | l | · | · | · | · | ||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Near-close | ɪ | · | ʊ |
| Open | · | · | ɑ |
Syllable Structure
CVCPhoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 353 transcribed dictionary entries (1,745 total tokens)
/ɪ/
292 (16.7%)
/ʊ/
249 (14.3%)
/ɑ/
217 (12.4%)
/k/
104 (6%)
/t/
81 (4.6%)
/j/
74 (4.2%)
/b/
73 (4.2%)
/m/
69 (4%)
/s/
62 (3.6%)
/w/
61 (3.5%)
/n/
59 (3.4%)
/l/
57 (3.3%)
/ks/
56 (3.2%)
/g/
55 (3.2%)
/ħ/
51 (2.9%)
/d/
50 (2.9%)
/ʃ/
38 (2.2%)
/kʰ/
19 (1.1%)
/ʁ̞/
17 (1%)
/kʷ/
12 (0.7%)
/ʤ/
12 (0.7%)
/ʡ/
10 (0.6%)
/ɣ/
6 (0.3%)
/χ/
5 (0.3%)
/r/
4 (0.2%)
/nʷ/
3 (0.2%)
/θ/
3 (0.2%)
/iː/
3 (0.2%)
/ja/
1 (0.1%)
/gʷ/
1 (0.1%)