Paradigm Tables

Morphological patterns, declensions, and conjugations for Aruvic

Pronoun Reference

Aruvic pronouns are short and practical. Many are built from simple deictic or question roots. Demonstratives distinguish near si from far ta. Interrogatives include ka, ku, lo, ti, ra-ka, and ve-ka.

	Form	Meaning	Notes
First Singular	mi	I / me	speaker
First Plural	mi-ni	we / us	me-plural
Second Singular	tu	you	addressee
Third Plural	sa-ni	they / them	third-person plural
Near Demonstrative	si	this	near speaker
Far Demonstrative	ta	that	far from speaker
What	ka	what	thing-question
Who	ku	who	person-question
Where	lo	where	location-question
When	ti	when	time-question
Why	ra-ka	why	literally "from what"
How	ve-ka	how	literally "with what"

Verb Tense and Polarity

Aruvic verbs usually keep the same root. Present uses the bare verb. Past uses the particle ta before the verb. Future uses the particle vo before the verb. Negation uses ura before the verb or before the tense particle. The copula esa is often dropped in casual speech.

	Pattern	Example	Meaning
Present	VERB	nava	goes / sails
Past	ta + VERB	ta nava	went / sailed
Future	vo + VERB	vo nava	will go / will sail
Negative	ura + VERB	ura nava	does not go / does not sail
Past Negative	ura + ta + VERB	ura ta nava	did not go / did not sail
Future Negative	ura + vo + VERB	ura vo nava	will not go / will not sail

Noun Animacy and Number

Aruvic nouns distinguish animate and inanimate agreement. Singular animate and singular inanimate are usually identical to the base root. Plural animate uses -ni, while plural inanimate uses -ma. Animate forms are used for people, animals, crews, vessels, and things treated as active or socially alive. Inanimate forms are used for objects, places, goods, weather, tools, and ordinary non-living things.

	Animate	Inanimate
Singular	∅	∅
Plural	-ni	-ma