Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

28 consonants
7 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalDentalAlveolarPostalveolarPalatalVelarUvularGlottal
Plosive
pb
·
·
td
·
c
kg
·
ʔ
Nasal
m
·
·
n
·
ɲ
·
·
·
Tap/Flap
·
·
·
ɾ
·
·
·
·
·
Fricative
·
f
θð
sz
ʃʒ
ʝ
x
ʁ
h
Affricate
·
·
·
ts
·
·
·
·
Approximant
·
ʋ
·
·
·
·
w
·
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
·
l
·
·
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
iy
·
u
Close-mid
e
·
o
Near-open
æ
··
Open
a
··

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 238 transcribed dictionary entries (1,157 total tokens)

/e/
215 (18.6%)
/a/
169 (14.6%)
/g/
87 (7.5%)
/ɾ/
56 (4.8%)
/o/
51 (4.4%)
/m/
50 (4.3%)
/s/
50 (4.3%)
/t/
46 (4%)
/i/
39 (3.4%)
/n/
38 (3.3%)
/k/
34 (2.9%)
//
33 (2.9%)
/l/
33 (2.9%)
/ʋ/
31 (2.7%)
/ð/
28 (2.4%)
/z/
26 (2.2%)
/x/
21 (1.8%)
/h/
21 (1.8%)
/p/
19 (1.6%)
/w/
19 (1.6%)
/u/
16 (1.4%)
/f/
16 (1.4%)
/b/
11 (1%)
/θ/
10 (0.9%)
/ʝ/
10 (0.9%)
/æ/
6 (0.5%)
/y/
6 (0.5%)
/ʃ/
5 (0.4%)
/c/
4 (0.3%)
/ts/
3 (0.3%)