Lexicon and word definitions
| Lemma | Gloss | IPA | Part of Speech |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abr’êngka | female, woman | /abɾ.eːŋ.ka/ | n |
| Aeskanay'thara • | Governorate | /aeskanaj'thaɾa / | n |
| Agashi | Princess | /a.ga.ʃi/ | n |
| Agio | son | /a.dʒio/ | n |
| Ain | at/in | /ajn/ | n |
| Akua | water | /a.kua/ | v |
| Akunum | liquid | /a.ku.num/ | n |
| Akustinum | flood | /a.kus.ti.num/ | n |
| Akêlō | to be thirsty | /a.keː.loː/ | prep |
| Alfiu | book | /al.fiu/ | n |
| Alkō | fermented liquid base | /al.koː/ | n |
| Alkōfi | brandy | /al.koː.fi/ | n |
| Alkōli | strong alcoholic beverage | /al.koː.li/ | n |
| Alkōma | rum | /al.koː.ma/ | n |
| Alkōmi | mead | /al.koː.mi/ | n |
| Alkōsh | whiskey | /al.koːʃ/ | n |
| Alkōvin | wine | /al.koː.vin/ | n |
| Alkōwin | wine cooler | /al.koː.win/ | n |
| Alkōza | Alcohol (specific type) | /al.koː.za/ | n |
| Alkōzi | cider | /al.koː.zi/ | n |
| Amina | to walk | /a.mi.na/ | n |
| Amith | to go | /a.miθ/ | v |
| Anda | 1SG | /an.da/ | pron |
| Anday | 1SG.POSS | /an.daj/ | pron |
| Angkalanê | gratitude, thanks, to thank | /aŋ.ka.la.neː/ | v |
| Angkali | generous | /aŋ.ka.li/ | n |
| Angkalê | to appreciate, to be grateful | /aŋ.ka.leː/ | n |
| Anm | heart (Batanese) | /anm/ | adj |
| Anmai | compassion (Batanese) | /an.mai/ | n |
| Anmi | sad | /an.mi/ | n |
| Anmin | sadness | /an.min/ | adj |
| Anminum | emotion | /an.mi.num/ | n |
| Anê | sister | /a.neː/ | num |
| An’tzai | 100, one hundred, a hundred | /an.tzai/ | v |
| Arabi | Arab | /aɾabi/ | n |
| Arabiy | Being Arab | /aɾabij/ | n |
| Arsadzayan• | January, firstm6oon | /asadzajan/ | n |
| Atar | to kill | /a.taɾ/ | n |
| Atenum | heaven | /a.te.num/ | n |
| Ati | small thing, bit, piece, minor amount | /a.ti/ | n |
| Atoto | grandpa (mom's side) | /a.to.to/ | adj |
| Atva | ceiling | - | n |
| Atê | sky | /a.teː/ | v |
| Atê’kuriam | sunlight | /a.teː.ku.ɾiam/ | n |
| Atōbê | great, wonderful | /a.toː.beː/ | n |
| Auso | to be great at something | /au.so/ | n |
| Autonagh | alphabet | /au.to.naɣ/ | v |
| Autu | page | /au.tu/ | n |
| Autum | to think | /au.tum/ | n |
| Awé | God | /a.weː/ | v |
| Ayab• | door | - | n |
| Ayau | end/ limit | /a.jau/ | n |
| Aêrōn | Berry, | - | - |
| Aêrōna | altar, sacred platform | /a.eː.ɾoː.na/ | n |
| Aêsa | divine, holy | /a.eː.sa/ | adj |
| Aêsani | holy scriptures, elevated writing | /a.eː.sa.ni/ | n |
| Aêskan | to rule, to govern | /a.eː.skan/ | v |
| Aêskanay | ruler, governor, sovereign | /a.eː.ska.naj/ | n |
| Aêsken | to command | /a.eː.sken/ | v |
| Aêskunay | commander | /a.eː.sku.naj/ | n |
| Aês’ke | master | /a.eːs.ke/ | n |
| Aêtharan | temple, holy building | /a.eː.θa.ɾan/ | n |
| Aêzirun | yellow | /a.eː.zi.ɾun/ | adj |
| Aêzuraki | The Noble Ancient Tongue | /a.eː.zu.ɾa.ki/ | n |
| Aê’ba | father | /a.eː.ba/ | n |
| Aê’den | heaven | /a.eː.den/ | n |
| Aê’hfüya | Royal Consort | /a.eː.hfuː.ja/ | n |
| Aê’la | offering, sacrifice | /a.eː.la/ | n |
| Aê’ma | mother | /a.eː.ma/ | n |
| Aê’ris | atmosphere | /a.eː.ɾis/ | n |
| Aê’yani | King, Queen; sovereign ruler | /aɜ’jani/ | n |
| Aê’zan | parent | /a.eː.zan/ | n |
| Aê’zura | ancestor | /a.eː.zu.ɾa/ | n |
| Baba | dad | /ba.ba/ | n |
| Batd | to receive, to be given, to undergo | - | v |
| Batdan | réception, receiving | /bat.dan/ | n |
| Bati | to die | /ba.ti/ | n |
| Batrri | battery | - | n |
| Bhêrsona | breath, presence, living essence | /bheːɾ.so.na/ | adj |
| Būlafo | buffalo | /buː.la.fo/ | n |
| Būzū | bee | /buː.zuː/ | v |
| Cên | two | /s͈ɜn/ | n |
| Da | 2PL | /da/ | pron |
| Da'as | coulour | /daːas/ | n |
| Daigam | ox | /dai.gam/ | n |
| Daku | present, gift | /da.ku/ | n |
| Dari | bridge | /da.ɾi/ | n |
| Dasha | colouring, pigmentation (process) | /daː.ʃa/ | - |
| Dashay | colourist, painter (person) | /daː.ʃaj/ | - |
| Dashum | colourful, coloured | /daː.ʃum/ | adj. |
| Day | 2PL.POSS | /daj/ | pron |
| Dengya | butt | /deŋ.ja/ | n |
| Din | 3SG | /din/ | pron |
| Diny | 3SG.POSS | /dinj/ | pron |
| Doktegh | doctor | /dok.teɣ/ | n |
| Dreya | tree, wood | /dɾe.ja/ | n |
| Dreyamu | forest | /dɾe.ja.mu/ | num |
| Dreyum | wooden | /dɾe.jum/ | n |
| Drra | blanket | - | n |
| Dukūm• | Duqm, the Hamlet of dukūm | /dukʌm/ | n |
| Dywr | day | /djwɾ/ | v |
| Dywr’marra | date | /djwɾ.maɾ.ɾa/ | n |
| Dês | six | /deːs/ | n |
| Dêu | to ask | /deː.u/ | n |
| Dêvara | wall, boundary | /deː.va.ɾa/ | n |
| Eni | and then | /e.ni/ | n |
| Falarya | spear | /fa.la.ɾja/ | n |
| Falor | weapon, tool | /fa.loɾ/ | n |
| Falory | warrior | /fa.lo.ɾj/ | n |
| Falorya | sword | /fa.lo.ɾja/ | n |
| Fang | wolf | /faŋ/ | n |
| Fiamu | hot | /fia.mu/ | n |
| Fiarum | sun (from Batanese: fire, spark) | /fia.ɾum/ | n |
| Fiasutel | wildfire | /fia.ɾu.su.tel/ | num |
| Fêlan | tiredness | /feː.lan/ | n |
| Fêlō | to be tired, to be weary, exhausted | /fɜː.lɔː/ | n |
| Fên | window | - | n |
| Gam | cow | /gam/ | n |
| Garab | West | /gaɾab/ | - |
| Gari | garlic | /ga.ɾi/ | n |
| Grafite | graphite | /gɾa.fi.te/ | n |
| Guemay | to slide, to slip | /gue.maj/ | n |
| Guman | slippery | /gu.man/ | n |
| Guêm | snake | /gueːm/ | n |
| Hana | again, once more | /ha.na/ | n |
| Hanaé | daughter | /ha.na.eː/ | n |
| Hfüya | reflection, mirrored image, resemblance, like | /hfyː.ja/ | conj |
| Hihin | fox | /hi.hin/ | n |
| Hogkado | ??? | /ho.ga.do/ | n |
| Hokilyo | ??? | /ho.ki.ljo/ | n |
| Horoshko | ??? | /ho.ɾoʃ.ko/ | v |
| Huane | solar | /hua.ne/ | v |
| Hêdpon | headphone | - | n |
| Hênuma | intelligence | /heː.nu.ma/ | n |
| Hêti | head | /hɜti/ | n |
| Hêtyabêr• | Pillow case | - | n |
| Hūnoku | son | /hʌnoku/ | v |
| Hūshatë | to ban, prohibit, veto | /hʌʃatø/ | part |
| Ibé | middle, mid, center | /i.beː/ | n |
| Ida | 2PL | /i.da/ | pron |
| Iri'ngyê• | internet | /iɾi'ngjɜ/ | n |
| Iris | Domain, realm, country | /i.ɾis/ | n |
| Iri’a | World | /i.ɾi.a/ | n |
| Iri’at | World | /i.ɾi.at/ | n |
| Iri’a’thara | Cosmos (physical universe) | /i.ɾi.a.θa.ɾa/ | n |
| Iri’a’zan | Universe (origin-realm) | /i.ɾi.a.zan/ | n |
| Jintoto | Turtle | /dʒin.to.to/ | v |
| Jōhase | ??? | /dʒoː.ha.se/ | v |
| Ka | Here | /ka/ | adj |
| Kagalli | City, town | /kagalli/ | - |
| Kagari | City | /kagaɾi/ | n |
| Kagh• | To count | /kaχ/ | v |
| Kaghmita | To calculate | /kaχmita/ | n |
| Kaghshêmi | To remember | /kaχshɜmi/ | n |
| Kaghsêmi | To recall | /kaχsɜmi/ | n |
| Kal | To have | /kal/ | n |
| Kalanê | Thank you, to thank | /ka.la.neː/ | n |
| Kalli | Pen, writing stick | /kal.li/ | v |
| Kalli• | Village, borough, town | /kalli/ | n |
| Kaluxüha | Echo, lingering presence | /ka.lu.xuː.ha/ | adj |
| Kan | To shape, to form, to structure | /kan/ | n |
| Kanan | Shaping, forming, structuring | /ka.nan/ | n |
| Lo | Nine | /lo/ | num |
| Lyayu | Red | /ljaju/ | adj |
| Lürona | bed | - | n |
| Lüya | Dream, vision, imagined scene | /lʏja/ | n |
| Lüyano• | To sleep | /lʏjano/ | v |
| Maa• | Fear, to fear, to be feared | /maa/ | n |
| Maanum• | Terror | /maanum/ | n |
| Maanumên• | To terrorize | /maanumɜn/ | v |
| Mama• | Mom | /mama/ | n |
| Mar'ra | Amount, number of | /maɾɾa/ | n |
| Marakagh • | Census, to count numbers | /maɾakax/ | n |
| Mauka | East | /Mouka/ | - |
| Mibōlyo | ??? | /mibɔljo/ | ??? |
| Moto | Thing | /moto/ | n |
| Mu | Four | /mu/ | num |
| Méwan | Fruit | /mewan / | n |
| Mênuma | Brain | /mɜnuma/ | n |
| Mêrefi | Kindness, generosity | /mɜɾefi/ | n |
| Mëmu | Cow (pet) | /mømů/ | n |
| Mōbalyo | ??? | /mɔbaljo/ | ??? |
| Mōlako | To disinfect | /mɔlako/ | v |
| Mōlakum• | Disinfectant | /mɔlakum/ | n |
| Mōra | How | /mɔɾa/ | adv |
| Na• | 1SG | /na/ | Pronoun |
| Naji | To fight | /naʒi/ | v |
| Nara | Towards/to | /naɾa/ | prep |
| Nay | 1SG.POSS | /naj/ | pron |
| Nayabêr | bedroom | - | n |
| Nayur | Flute, wind instrument | /najuɾ/ | n |
| Nazigh | To say, to tell | /naziχ/ | v |
| Nda | 1SG | /nda/ | pron |
| Nedisyo | Commoners; “the people” | /nedisjo/ | n |
| Ney | 2SG.POSS | /nej/ | pron |
| Ngyê | With | /ŋje/ | prep |
| Ngê | ??? | - | ??? |
| Ni | And | /ni/ | conj |
| Niwa | Ice | /niwa/ | n |
| Niwali | Snow | /niwali/ | n |
| Niwalina | Cold | /niwalina/ | adj |
| Niwayabêr | Refrigerator, fridge | /niwajabɜɾ/ | n |
| Niyabêr | Fridge | /nijabɜɾ/ | n |
| Novatya | Slow | /novatja/ | adj |
| Nzuri | Beautiful, pretty, gorgeous, handsome | /nzuɾi/ | adj |
| Né• | 2SG | /ne/ | Pronoun |
| Néd | Human, human being | /ned/ | n |
| Nédis• | Person | /nedis/ | n |
| Nédisyon• | Population | /nedisjon/ | n |
| Nōthi | To travel | /nɔθi/ | v |
| Nūnai | Grandma (dad's side) | /nʌnai/ | n |
| One | 2SG | /o.ne/ | pron |
| Oya | 3PL | /o.ja/ | pron |
| Oyay | 3PL.POSS | /o.jaj/ | pron |
| Palavra | Hand | /palavɾa/ | n |
| Palyab | drawer | - | n |
| Rosuha | Bright | /ɾosuha/ | adj |
| Rosuhan | To shine | /ɾosuhan/ | v |
| Rosuhanê | Brightness | /ɾosuhanɜ/ | n |
| Royna | Platform, flat surface, stage | /ɾojna/ | n |
| Rradiyo | radio | /ɾɾadijo/ | n |
| Rukūta | To destroy | /ɾukʌta/ | v |
| Ryu | Little, small | /ɾju/ | adj |
| Sakalli | Hamlet, borough, burgh, dene | /sakalli / | n |
| Sakar | Small | /sakaɾ/ | adj |
| Sala’am | To come | /sala’am/ | v |
| Sam | Seven | /sam/ | num |
| Samêru | Animal | /samɜɾu/ | n |
| San | Five | /san/ | num |
| Shafir | To cover | /shafiɾ/ | v |
| Shafira | Veil, covering | /shafiɾa/ | n |
| Shafiri | To hide | /shafiɾi/ | v |
| Shanpay | Champagne | /shanpaj/ | n |
| Sharvin | River, stream | /shaɾvîn/ | n |
| Shawa | shower | /shawa/ | n |
| Shifarë | The feeling of wanting to physically harm someone and deliberately not doing it | /shifaɾø/ | - |
| Shinêc | Venus | /shinɜs͈/ | n |
| Shéal | North | /sheal/ | - |
| Shōfala | Fork | /shɔfala/ | n |
| Shōfalo | Knife | /shɔfalo/ | n |
| Shōka | spoon | /shɔka/ | n |
| Shōkalisê | Recipe | /shɔkalisɜ/ | n |
| Shōkay | Cook, chef | /shɔkaj/ | n |
| Shōma | Food | /shɔma/ | n |
| Shōmêi | To be hungry | /shɔmɜi/ | v, adj |
| Shōmêkan’alfiu | Cookbook (cook-writing) | /shɔmɜkan’alfiu/ | n |
| Shōmêl | Hunger | /shɔmɜlɔ/ | n |
| Shōpa | To shake | /shɔpa/ | n |
| Shōrona | Table | /shɔɾona/ | n |
| Shōru | Apple | /shɔɾu/ | n |
| Shōruma | Delicious, to taste good | - | adj |
| Shōthara | Kitchen | /shɔtaɾa/ | n |
| Shōvna | To taste, to flavor | /shɔvna/ | v |
| Shōvêra | To feed someone | /shɔvɜɾa/ | v |
| Shōwa | To make | /shɔwa/ | v |
| Smadpon | smartphone | /smadpon/ | n |
| Spikê | speaker | /spikɜ/ | n |
| Tagalli | Town , village | /tagalli/ | n |
| Takarab• | heroin, great woman | - | n |
| Takarva• | hero, great man, champion | - | n |
| Takarvanay | heroic one, champion | - | n |
| Takarvanum | heroism, greatness of character | - | n |
| Takarvasan | heroic action/deed | - | n |
| Tda• | the | /Tda/ | Def |
| Tdéau | South | /ddeau/ | n |
| Televijyon | television | /televiʒjon/ | n |
| Tharan | building, structure, place | /θa.ɾan/ | n |
| Tlütêray | router | /Tlʏtɜɾaj/ | n |
| Tshwaran | a play, performance, act | - | n |
| Tshwarey• | actor, player, pretender, one who plays a role | /tʃwa.ɾej/ | n |
| Tshwarê | to play (a role), to pretend, to act as | /tʃwa.ɾe/ | - |
| Tshwarênum | acting, pretense, role-playing | - | n |
| Tshwaêla | toy, play-thing | - | n |
| Tōylêt | toilet | /tɔjlɜt/ | n |
| Umani | Oman | /umani/ | n |
| Umaniy | Oman is, the people of oman | /umanij/ | n |
| Vasura | Male love, man love man, mlm | - | n |
| Viru | Tomato | /viɾu/ | n |
| Visura-yeyanu | Love-hate | - | n |
| Vê'tarrumêy• | villain | /vɜ'taɾɾumɜj/ | - |
| Ya | 1PL | /ja/ | pron |
| Yay | 1PL.POSS | /jaj/ | pron |
| Ybêm | to weave, to braid, to interlace,to connect, to link, to relate, to narrate, to tell a story | /jibɜm / | v |
| Yuthana• | rebirth, reincarnation | - | n |
| Yüêsbe | USB | /jʏɜsbe/ | n |
| Zirula | soap | - | n |
| akura | sink | - | n |
| baina | wild | /bajna/ | v |
| batday | recipient, receiver | /bat.daj/ | n |
| da'ash | coulour | /daːaʃ/ | n |
| fon | phone | /fon/ | n |
| kamerra | caméra | /kameɾɾa/ | n |
| kūmpitê | computer | /kʌmpitɜ/ | n |
| laptōp | laptop | /laptɔp/ | n |
| oney | 2SG.POSS | /o.nej/ | pron |
| tivi | tv | /tivi/ | n |
| tosakla | nightstand | - | n |
| têlêfon | téléphone | /tɜlɜfon/ | n |
| wifi | wifi | /wifi/ | n |
| wivi | wifi | /wivi/ | n |
| zêvêtd | towel | - | n |
| Êlō | to need | /ɜlɔ/ | v |
| Êraya | hope | /ɜɾaja/ | n |
| Êserfêjyu | to succeed | /ɜseɾfɜʒju/ | n |
| Êtshi | This, that | /ɜtʃi/ | n |
| êntanêt | internet | /ɜntanɜt/ | n |
| Čōm | mouth | /tʃɔm/ | n |
| Čōma | food | /tʃɔma/ | v |
| čōrumayan | to say grace, bless food | /tʃɔɾumajan/ | n |
| čōtaruma | appetizer, starter | /tʃɔtaɾuma/ | v |
| čōtêla | to swallow | /tʃɔtɜla/ | n |
| čōyau | dessert | /tʃɔjau/ | n |
| Ō | To be | /ɔ/ | v |
| Ō'n• | as, in the role of (contracted) | - | ptcl |
| Ō'na• | as, in the role of (short form) | - | ptcl |
| Ō'nara• | as, in the role of, in the capacity of | - | ptcl |
| Ōma | To eat | /ɔma/ | v |
| Ōmalê | To chew | /ɔmalɜ/ | v |
| Ōmaza• | To digest | /ɔmaza/ | v |
| Ōvorya | Wind | /ɔvoɾja/ | n |
| Ōyu | Sweet | /ɔju/ | adj |