Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

15 consonants
9 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarRetroflexPalatalVelarUvularGlottal
Plosive
pb
·
td
·
·
·
k
·
·
Nasal
m
·
·
·
·
ɲ
·
·
·
Trill
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
ʀ
·
Fricative
·
f
s
ʃʒ
·
·
·
·
h
Approximant
·
·
·
·
·
·
w
·
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
·
·
ɭ
·
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
··
Near-close
ɪ
·
ʊ
Close-mid
e
·
o
Open-mid
ɛ
·
ʌ
Near-open
æ
··
Open··
ɑ

Phonological Rules

/æʊ/ → [wɑ]
/oʊ/ → [wʌ]
/ʊɛ/ → [weɪ̯]
/ʊi/ → [wi]
/ɛi/ → [eɪ̯]

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 609 transcribed dictionary entries (3,144 total tokens)

/ɛ/
426 (13.5%)
/i/
390 (12.4%)
/ʃ/
295 (9.4%)
/æ/
281 (8.9%)
/ɲ/
279 (8.9%)
/t/
201 (6.4%)
/d/
196 (6.2%)
/o/
146 (4.6%)
/m/
137 (4.4%)
/ʀ/
127 (4%)
/k/
121 (3.8%)
/ʊ/
114 (3.6%)
/b/
113 (3.6%)
/ɭ/
97 (3.1%)
/f/
82 (2.6%)
/p/
61 (1.9%)
/h/
50 (1.6%)
/s/
28 (0.9%)