Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

18 consonants
11 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarPalatalVelar
Plosive
pb
·
td
·
·
kg
Nasal
m
·
n
·
·
·
Tap/Flap
·
·
ɾ
·
·
·
Fricative
·
fv
sz
ʃʒ
·
x
Approximant
·
·
·
·
j
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
l
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
iy
ɨ
u
Close-mid
eø
·
o
Open-mid
ɛ
·
ɔ
Open
a
·
ɑ

Phonological Rules

/p/ → [pː]
/b/ → [bː]
/t/ → [tː]
/d/ → [dː]
/k/ → [kː]
/g/ → [gː]
/m/ → [mː]
/n/ → [nː]
/f/ → [fː]
/v/ → [vː]
/s/ → [sː]
/z/ → [zː]
/ʃ/ → [ʃː]
/ʒ/ → [ʒː]
/x/ → [xː]
/l/ → [lː]
/ɾ/ → [rː]

/j/ → [ʲ] / C_

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 134 transcribed dictionary entries (655 total tokens)

/ɛ/
82 (12.5%)
/ɑ/
77 (11.8%)
/l/
76 (11.6%)
/t/
56 (8.5%)
/s/
40 (6.1%)
/ɔ/
36 (5.5%)
/n/
33 (5%)
/ɾ/
31 (4.7%)
/d/
26 (4%)
/ʃ/
23 (3.5%)
/i/
22 (3.4%)
/k/
20 (3.1%)
/g/
17 (2.6%)
/m/
16 (2.4%)
/v/
16 (2.4%)
/eː/
13 (2%)
/f/
10 (1.5%)
/b/
9 (1.4%)
/oː/
8 (1.2%)
/p/
8 (1.2%)
/ø/
7 (1.1%)
/x/
6 (0.9%)
/z/
5 (0.8%)
/j/
5 (0.8%)
/u/
4 (0.6%)
/ʒ/
4 (0.6%)
/ɨ/
3 (0.5%)
/y/
2 (0.3%)