Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
23 consonants
7 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | c | g | q | · | · | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | ɲ | · | · | · | · | |||||||||
| Trill | · | · | r | · | · | · | ʀ | · | · | |||||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | sz | ʃ | · | · | · | ʕ | h | |||||||||
| Affricate | · | · | ts | · | · | · | · | · | · | |||||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | j | w | · | · | · | |||||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | · | · | |||||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ʉ | · |
| Close-mid | e | · | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | ʌ |
| Open | a | · | · |
Phonological Rules
/n/ -> [ŋ] / _# /nd/ -> [n] / _#
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 122 transcribed dictionary entries (595 total tokens)
/e/
100 (16.8%)
/a/
54 (9.1%)
/r/
40 (6.7%)
/c/
36 (6.1%)
/t/
32 (5.4%)
/j/
32 (5.4%)
/n/
30 (5%)
/l/
27 (4.5%)
/s/
23 (3.9%)
/d/
22 (3.7%)
/ɛ/
22 (3.7%)
/p/
20 (3.4%)
/m/
19 (3.2%)
/ʉ/
18 (3%)
/v/
16 (2.7%)
/i/
15 (2.5%)
/q/
15 (2.5%)
/o/
14 (2.4%)
/g/
12 (2%)
/f/
9 (1.5%)
/b/
8 (1.3%)
/w/
8 (1.3%)
/ʌ/
6 (1%)
/z/
5 (0.8%)
/ʃ/
4 (0.7%)
/h/
4 (0.7%)
/ʕ/
2 (0.3%)
/ʀ/
2 (0.3%)