Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
24 consonants
16 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | · | kg | · | |||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | ɲ | · | · | |||||||
| Trill | · | · | r | · | · | · | · | |||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | sz | ʃʒ | · | · | h | |||||||
| Affricate | · | · | tsdz | tʃdʒ | · | · | · | |||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | j | w | · | |||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | |||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | iy | · | ɯu |
| Near-close | ɪʏ | · | ʊ |
| Close-mid | eø | · | ɤo |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | ɔ |
| Near-open | æ | · | · |
| Open | aɶ | · | · |
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 171 transcribed dictionary entries (609 total tokens)
/r/
60 (9.9%)
/a/
46 (7.6%)
/l/
45 (7.4%)
/n/
42 (6.9%)
/o/
41 (6.7%)
/u/
34 (5.6%)
/e/
33 (5.4%)
/ɪ/
25 (4.1%)
/i/
22 (3.6%)
/k/
20 (3.3%)
/æ/
20 (3.3%)
/s/
17 (2.8%)
/t/
16 (2.6%)
/kʰ/
14 (2.3%)
/m/
13 (2.1%)
/b/
10 (1.6%)
/kʷ/
9 (1.5%)
/j/
9 (1.5%)
/ks/
8 (1.3%)
/z/
7 (1.1%)
/tʰ/
7 (1.1%)
/v/
7 (1.1%)
/ʏ/
7 (1.1%)
/h/
6 (1%)
/gʱ/
6 (1%)
/g/
6 (1%)
/p/
5 (0.8%)
/ʃ/
5 (0.8%)
/ɛ/
5 (0.8%)
/aː/
5 (0.8%)