Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
18 consonants
17 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | td | · | · | kg | · | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | · | · | · | · | ||||||
| Trill | · | r | · | · | · | · | ||||||
| Fricative | · | sz | ʃʒ | · | x | h | ||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | j | w | · | ||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | l | · | · | · | · | ||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | iy | ɨ | ɯu |
| Near-close | ɪ | · | ʊ |
| Close-mid | e | ɘ | o |
| Mid | · | ə | · |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɜ | ɔ |
| Near-open | · | ɐ | · |
| Open | a | · | ɑ |
Syllable Structure
(C)(C)V(C)Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 212 transcribed dictionary entries (891 total tokens)
/r/
72 (8.1%)
/n/
53 (5.9%)
/m/
51 (5.7%)
/l/
49 (5.5%)
/d/
43 (4.8%)
/kˠ/
42 (4.7%)
/tˠ/
41 (4.6%)
/pˠ/
38 (4.3%)
/a/
37 (4.2%)
/j/
36 (4%)
/sˠ/
36 (4%)
/ə/
35 (3.9%)
/ʃˠ/
30 (3.4%)
/e/
28 (3.1%)
/ʒ/
27 (3%)
/i/
24 (2.7%)
/b/
22 (2.5%)
/o/
21 (2.4%)
/ɑ/
20 (2.2%)
/ɔ/
19 (2.1%)
/u/
19 (2.1%)
/y/
18 (2%)
/z/
15 (1.7%)
/g/
15 (1.7%)
/ɪ/
13 (1.5%)
/xˠ/
12 (1.3%)
/ʊ/
11 (1.2%)
/ɛ/
10 (1.1%)
/ɨ/
9 (1%)
/l̩/
9 (1%)