Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
23 consonants
6 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | · | kɡ | · | |||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | ɲ | ŋ | · | |||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | sz | ʃ | · | ɣ | ɦ | |||||||
| Affricate | · | · | · | tʃdʒ | · | · | · | |||||||
| Approximant | · | · | ɹ | · | j | w | · | |||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | |||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | u |
| Close-mid | e | · | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | · |
| Open | a | · | · |
Syllable Structure
(V)CVPhoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 359 transcribed dictionary entries (2,053 total tokens)
/w/
424 (20.7%)
/g/
339 (16.5%)
/u˧/
178 (8.7%)
/z/
134 (6.5%)
/v/
113 (5.5%)
/j/
79 (3.8%)
/u˥/
73 (3.6%)
/f/
59 (2.9%)
/˥/
58 (2.8%)
/e˧/
50 (2.4%)
/o˧/
48 (2.3%)
/ʃ/
47 (2.3%)
/i˧/
40 (1.9%)
/i˥/
38 (1.9%)
/u˩/
37 (1.8%)
/i˩/
31 (1.5%)
/ɛ˧/
28 (1.4%)
/l/
26 (1.3%)
/ɲ/
24 (1.2%)
/˩/
24 (1.2%)
/ɛ˥/
23 (1.1%)
/e˥/
23 (1.1%)
/ŋ/
22 (1.1%)
/ɦ/
22 (1.1%)
/ɹ/
21 (1%)
/ɡʷ/
19 (0.9%)
/e˩/
16 (0.8%)
/ɣ/
15 (0.7%)
/o˥/
13 (0.6%)
/uː/
9 (0.4%)