Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
23 consonants
6 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | · | kɡ | · | |||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | ɲ | ŋ | · | |||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | sz | ʃ | · | ɣ | ɦ | |||||||
| Affricate | · | · | · | tʃdʒ | · | · | · | |||||||
| Approximant | · | · | ɹ | · | j | w | · | |||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | |||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | u |
| Close-mid | e | · | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | · |
| Open | a | · | · |
Syllable Structure
(V)CVPhoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 588 transcribed dictionary entries (2,589 total tokens)
/a˧/
199 (7.7%)
/k/
169 (6.5%)
/b/
111 (4.3%)
/a˥/
101 (3.9%)
/t/
101 (3.9%)
/i˥/
90 (3.5%)
/ʃ/
89 (3.4%)
/e˧/
87 (3.4%)
/n/
86 (3.3%)
/z/
86 (3.3%)
/f/
84 (3.2%)
/i˧/
83 (3.2%)
/˥/
78 (3%)
/m/
77 (3%)
/u˧/
75 (2.9%)
/e˥/
69 (2.7%)
/d/
69 (2.7%)
/ɹ/
62 (2.4%)
/a˩/
60 (2.3%)
/g/
57 (2.2%)
/w/
56 (2.2%)
/j/
55 (2.1%)
/o˧/
54 (2.1%)
/i˩/
49 (1.9%)
/ɛ˧/
45 (1.7%)
/p/
44 (1.7%)
/˩/
44 (1.7%)
/ɲ/
34 (1.3%)
/s/
33 (1.3%)
/l/
33 (1.3%)