Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
23 consonants
6 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | · | kɡ | · | |||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | ɲ | ŋ | · | |||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | sz | ʃ | · | ɣ | ɦ | |||||||
| Affricate | · | · | · | tʃdʒ | · | · | · | |||||||
| Approximant | · | · | ɹ | · | j | w | · | |||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | |||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | u |
| Close-mid | e | · | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | · |
| Open | a | · | · |
Syllable Structure
(V)CVPhoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 357 transcribed dictionary entries (1,778 total tokens)
/g/
351 (19.7%)
/u˧/
196 (11%)
/w/
119 (6.7%)
/t/
118 (6.6%)
/v/
116 (6.5%)
/u˥/
82 (4.6%)
/j/
78 (4.4%)
/f/
59 (3.3%)
/o˧/
54 (3%)
/˥/
52 (2.9%)
/ʃ/
48 (2.7%)
/e˧/
47 (2.6%)
/i˧/
40 (2.2%)
/i˥/
39 (2.2%)
/u˩/
38 (2.1%)
/i˩/
31 (1.7%)
/ɛ˧/
29 (1.6%)
/l/
26 (1.5%)
/ɲ/
25 (1.4%)
/e˥/
24 (1.3%)
/ɹ/
24 (1.3%)
/ɛ˥/
24 (1.3%)
/˩/
23 (1.3%)
/ŋ/
21 (1.2%)
/ɦ/
20 (1.1%)
/e˩/
16 (0.9%)
/z/
16 (0.9%)
/ɣ/
15 (0.8%)
/o˥/
13 (0.7%)
/ɡʷ/
10 (0.6%)