Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

23 consonants
6 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarRetroflexPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosive
pb
·
td
·
ʈ
·
kg
·
Nasal
m
·
n
·
·
ɲ
ŋ
·
Trill
·
·
r
·
·
·
·
·
Fricative
·
fv
sz
ʃʒ
·
·
ɣ
ɦ
Approximant
·
·
·
·
·
j
w
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
l
·
·
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Near-close
ɪ
··
Close-mid··
o
Open-mid··
ɔ
Open
a
··

Syllable Structure

(C)V

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 358 transcribed dictionary entries (1,500 total tokens)

/a/
317 (21.1%)
/i/
217 (14.5%)
/u/
169 (11.3%)
/r/
156 (10.4%)
/o/
115 (7.7%)
/s/
61 (4.1%)
/n/
52 (3.5%)
/d/
51 (3.4%)
/m/
50 (3.3%)
/w/
47 (3.1%)
/v/
46 (3.1%)
/f/
40 (2.7%)
/l/
37 (2.5%)
/j/
37 (2.5%)
/b/
31 (2.1%)
/z/
22 (1.5%)
/p/
22 (1.5%)
/ŋ/
11 (0.7%)
//
9 (0.6%)
/ɣ/
5 (0.3%)
/ʈ/
4 (0.3%)
//
1 (0.1%)