Paradigm Tables
Morphological patterns, declensions, and conjugations for Qebaric
Verb Tense and Aspect
Most Qebaric dictionary verbs end in -hen or -en. The working stem is formed by dropping the infinitive ending. Tense and aspect are marked by suffixes attached to the working stem. Present habitual is usually unmarked or represented by the dictionary form in ordinary use. Present continuous uses -ak. Past/perfective uses -ud. Future/prospective uses -en. Negation uses the standalone particle nu before the verb.
| Form | Pattern | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive / Dictionary | -hen / -en | STEM + -hen / -en | to VERB |
| Present Habitual | ∅ / -en | STEM or dictionary form | does regularly / generally |
| Present Continuous | -ak | STEM + -ak | is doing now |
| Past / Perfective | -ud | STEM + -ud | did / has done |
| Future / Prospective | -en | STEM + -en | will do / expected to do |
| Negative | nu + VERB | nu + VERB | does not / did not / will not |
Noun Case
Qebaric case suffixes attach after any number suffix. Nominative is unmarked and marks the subject or base form. Accusative marks the direct object. Genitive marks possession or origin. Locative marks location or place. Instrumental marks means or agency. Ablative marks movement from or source.
| Suffix | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ∅ | subject / base form |
| Accusative | -ak | direct object |
| Genitive | -ar | of / belonging to / origin |
| Locative | -al | in / at / on |
| Instrumental | -ath | with / by means of / agency |
| Ablative | -ud | from / source / away from |
Noun Number by Gender
Qebaric nouns distinguish gender and number. Gender is usually lexical rather than visibly marked on the singular root, but it determines the number suffix. Singular uses the bare root. Masculine plural uses -en, feminine plural uses -un, and neuter/inanimate plural uses -ad. Masculine and neuter/inanimate dual use -et, while feminine dual uses -ut. Masculine and neuter/inanimate paucal use -em, while feminine paucal uses -um. Case suffixes are added after the number suffix.
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter/Inanimate | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | ∅ | ∅ | ∅ |
| Plural | -en | -un | -ad |
| Dual | -et | -ut | -et |
| Paucal | -em | -um | -em |