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Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

13 consonants
7 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialAlveolarUvularGlottal
Plosive
p
t
q
ʔ
Nasal
m
n
ɴ
·
Trill
ʙ
r
ʀ
·
Fricative
ɸ
s
·
h

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Close-mid
e
·
o
Mid·
ə
·
Open-mid··
ɔ
Open
a
··

Syllable Structure

(C)(C)V(N) - C = consonant, V = vowel, N = nasal consonant, () = optional

Phonological Rules

/p/→[b] / V_V
/t/→[d] / V_V
/q/→[ɢ] / V_V
/ɸ/→[β] / V_V
/s/→[z] / V_V
/ʀ̥/→[ʀ] / V_V
/B/→[bʷ] / V_V
/n/→[N] / _q
/u/→[ɯ] / m_
/u/→[ɯ] / b_
/u/→[ɯ] / bb_
/u/→[ɯ] / f_
/o/→[ɤ] / m_
/o/→[ɤ] / b_
/o/→[ɤ] / bb_
/o/→[ɤ] / f_
/ɔ/→[ʌ] / m_
/ɔ/→[ʌ] / b_
/ɔ/→[ʌ] / bb_
/ɔ/→[ʌ] / f_

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 22 transcribed dictionary entries (77 total tokens)

/i/
13 (16.9%)
/a/
9 (11.7%)
/n/
6 (7.8%)
/ə/
5 (6.5%)
/t/
5 (6.5%)
/m/
5 (6.5%)
/s/
5 (6.5%)
/tʰ/
4 (5.2%)
/o/
4 (5.2%)
/p/
3 (3.9%)
/ɸ/
3 (3.9%)
/ɔ/
2 (2.6%)
/ʔ/
2 (2.6%)
/ɴ/
2 (2.6%)
/u/
2 (2.6%)
/r/
2 (2.6%)
/qʰ/
1 (1.3%)
/q/
1 (1.3%)
/h/
1 (1.3%)
/ʙ/
1 (1.3%)
/pʰ/
1 (1.3%)
ᚱ ꦏ Ω ᛟ გ अ ع ש ᜀ ᓀ θ Ψ ᚠ 愛 ⴀ
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