Lexicon and word definitions
| Lemma | Gloss |
|---|---|
| balkaṭ• | Remove something concrete; as by lifting; pushing; or taking off; or remove something abstract (English Translation: to remove) |
| balngut• | Reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress (English Translation: to arrive) |
| bammommor• | Either (in negative contexts); also used as a negative-polarity intensifier meaning ‘at all’ or ‘even a bit’. (English Translation: either) |
| banpi• | Select carefully from a group (English Translation: to pick) |
| baṭxikša• | The organization that is the governing authority of a political unit (English Translation: government) |
| befeṭngal• | The activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose (English Translation: help) |
| bemli• | Used as intensifiers; `real' is sometimes used informally for `really'; `rattling' is informal (English Translation: very) |
| benḍa• | At; to; or by a great distance in space or time; remote. (English Translation: far) |
| bepṭir• | A brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure (English Translation: glass) |
| berhep• | The process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others (English Translation: attention) |
| beržel• | Consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning (English Translation: to study) |
| bidir• | A strong positive emotion of regard and affection (English Translation: love) |
| bikgam• | An area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: (English Translation: range) |
| bil• | bright; plainly seen - older register; now mostly fossil in compounds (English Translation: clear) |
| bilbixas• | in fact; plainly - often used to correct or anchor a claim (English Translation: actually) |
| bilfot• | Without doubt or question (English Translation: clearly) |
| bilisras• | Maybe; perhaps - speaker uncertainty or politeness-softening (English Translation: maybe) |
| bipnar• | A young person of either sex (English Translation: child) |
| bipnarn• | Many-born; prolific in children; an honorific adjective applied to matriarchs; houses; and lineages; implying fertility plus social admiration rather than mere count. (English Translation: prolific; many-born) |
| birneṭ• | Approximately the last 10;000 years (English Translation: recent) |
| bixim• | Negative clitic corresponding to English “n’t”; used in colloquial contractions. (English Translation: n't) |
| biṭxeziṭ• | Obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction (English Translation: to buy) |
| biṭṭet• | having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other (English Translation: wide) |
| bobo• | A characteristic state or mode of living (English Translation: life) |
| bohuṇuṭ• | Make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality; quantity; size or scope of (English Translation: to add) |
| boklol• | Have an end; in a temporal; spatial; or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical (English Translation: to end) |
| boldolngu• | Be dressed in (English Translation: to wear) |
| bonloṭ• | Someone regarded as certain to succeed (English Translation: natural) |
| bottop• | Anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events (English Translation: record) |
| bošpoš• | A politically organized body of people under a single government (English Translation: country) |
| boṇuṭ• | The warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox (English Translation: summer) |
| boṭarpu• | Create (as an entity) (English Translation: to form) |
| bukam• | A group of people living in a particular local area (English Translation: community) |
| bukdal• | How something is done or how it happens (English Translation: style) |
| bukngop• | Make available or accessible; provide or furnish (English Translation: to offer) |
| bukzu• | concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities (English Translation: serious) |
| bumṭap• | Have in common (English Translation: to share) |
| burtapngu• | A human being (English Translation: someone) |
| buthut• | A result (English Translation: response) |
| dalle• | Cause to go somewhere (English Translation: to send) |
| damngam• | A collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn (English Translation: data) |
| darxot• | A way of regarding situations or topics etc. (English Translation: view) |
| dastaṭ• | A room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter (English Translation: bar) |
| dasšiṭ• | An executive officer of a firm or corporation (English Translation: president) |
| daškom• | Go away from a place (English Translation: to leave) |
| dažam• | Any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue (English Translation: food) |
| daṭšun• | Being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time (English Translation: late) |
| delwakxik• | Many times at short intervals (English Translation: often) |
| demmaš• | At all times; all the time and on every occasion (English Translation: always) |
| demz• | Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the east when facing north (English Translation: right) |
| denxal• | Raise the level or amount of something (English Translation: to raise) |
| deprinas• | The tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object (English Translation: material) |
| detpan• | Surrounding; on all sides; approximately. (English Translation: around) |
| detžonnom• | A female person who has the same parents as another person (English Translation: sister) |
| detžow• | A cousin of the right/feminine side (English Translation: cousin; right-side cousin) |
| dez• | Clitic marking rightwardness; also used for the right/feminine side in kinship framing (English Translation: right-side particle) |
| dešḍis• | Distributive determiner referring to members one by one. (English Translation: each) |
| dešṭeš• | A particular instance of buying or selling (English Translation: deal) |
| dikwip• | A written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together) (English Translation: book) |
| dinper• | Have as a part; be made up out of (English Translation: to include) |
| dinres• | Participate in games or sport (English Translation: to play) |
| dinxi• | A form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement (English Translation: film) |
| dipden• | The activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities (English Translation: support) |
| disem• | Primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified (English Translation: long) |
| disṭirap• | Travel through the air; be airborne (English Translation: to fly) |
| ditžet• | Where you live at a particular time (English Translation: home) |
| dišfin• | A message received and understood (English Translation: information) |
| diṭṭaš• | The subject matter of a conversation or discussion (English Translation: subject) |
| dokhos• | The aggregate of past events (English Translation: history) |
| dokuṭ• | Use as a basis for; found on (English Translation: to base) |
| domfaš• | Put into a certain place or abstract location (English Translation: to place) |
| domhus• | People without possessions or wealth (considered as a group) (English Translation: poor) |
| dopup• | Lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike (English Translation: despite) |
| dor• | Cardinal numeral meaning “one”. (English Translation: one) |
| dorzur• | Give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect (English Translation: to appear) |
| dorža• | On a single occasion; one time. (English Translation: once) |
| dorḍeṭ• | Ordinal numeral meaning “first”. (English Translation: first) |
| došgowak• | Trying something to find out about it (English Translation: test) |
| doṭṇom• | An elaborate and systematic plan of action (English Translation: strategy) |
| dulyoṭlok• | Belonging to or on behalf of a specified person (especially yourself); preceded by a possessive (English Translation: own) |
| dunfok• | Get something; come into possession of (English Translation: to receive) |
| dunḍoṭ• | Comparative quantifier indicating a greater amount/number. (English Translation: more) |
| dupzul• | Recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something (English Translation: to identify) |
| durmunla• | An amount of time (English Translation: period) |
| e• | Third-person singular pronoun (e): used for referents regardless of gender; case suffixes attach (e-te ‘agent/ERG’; e-ra ‘possessor/GEN’; e-de ‘recipient/DAT’; etc.). Emphatic ‘he/she/it themself’ can be expressed as e ha. (English Translation: it; he; she; him; her) |
| en• | Third-person plural pronoun (en): multiple referents; case suffixes attach (en-te; en-ra; etc.). (English Translation: they; them; their) |
| era• | Possessive determiner marking a noun phrase as belonging to a person or entity. (English Translation: your) |
| fankas• | Cause to open or to become open (English Translation: to open) |
| fanlešxut• | Toward a higher position or level; above; upward. (English Translation: up) |
| faplolkis• | Have a wish or desire to know something (English Translation: to wonder) |
| farṭu• | An area that is approximately central within some larger region (English Translation: middle) |
| fasnem• | A point located with respect to surface features of some region (English Translation: place) |
| fašil• | Give moral or psychological support; aid; or courage to (English Translation: to support) |
| fekxik• | Either extremity of something that has length (English Translation: end) |
| felfa• | Not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered (English Translation: new) |
| felparnik• | A politician who is running for public office (English Translation: candidate) |
| felzit• | Produce laughter (English Translation: to laugh) |
| fenim• | Any distinct time period in a sequence of events (English Translation: stage) |
| fenḍil• | Expect and wish (English Translation: to hope) |
| feyan• | In a good or satisfactory way; successfully; to a high standard. (English Translation: well) |
| filnin• | Something that is lost (English Translation: loss) |
| fiplirxas• | An administrative unit of government (English Translation: agency) |
| fiṭtikṭa• | A person you know well and regard with affection and trust (English Translation: friend) |
| fiṭžer• | An imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story) (English Translation: character) |
| folot• | An area that is approximately central within some larger region (English Translation: center) |
| fonsamlos• | The fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped through the body by the heart and contains plasma; blood cells; and platelets (English Translation: blood) |
| fopyak• | Be fully aware or cognizant of (English Translation: to realize) |
| fosluṭ• | Modal auxiliary expressing permission or possibility. (English Translation: may) |
| fosžat• | A human being (English Translation: individual) |
| fotul• | An informal term for a youth or man (English Translation: guy) |
| fošngatṇo• | Regard something as probable or likely (English Translation: to expect) |
| fulman• | A group of people who work together (English Translation: organization) |
| fumuṭha• | A structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place (English Translation: building) |
| fumḍak• | And nothing more (English Translation: only) |
| fungomdo• | The products of human creativity; works of art collectively (English Translation: art) |
| funut• | From one side to the other; by means of. (English Translation: through) |
| fuplan• | A thorough physical examination; includes a variety of tests depending on the age and sex and health of the person (English Translation: medical) |
| furunḍaṭ• | Modal auxiliary expressing necessity or strong inference. (English Translation: must) |
| fuwoṭ• | A commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it (English Translation: business) |
| fuyas• | A person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination (English Translation: artist) |
| fuḍar• | A visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface (English Translation: picture) |
| fuṭzoššo• | An occurrence of something (English Translation: case) |
| galbap• | Something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone (English Translation: property) |
| gamža• | Perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards (English Translation: to look) |
| ganhaš• | In the same way as; similar to; used to express resemblance or comparison. (English Translation: like) |
| gapmil• | Judge or regard; look upon; judge (English Translation: to think) |
| gapngežiṭ• | (used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age (English Translation: old) |
| gapḍi• | A quantity of money (English Translation: amount) |
| garlo• | Any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal (English Translation: step) |
| garmeš• | The cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees (English Translation: east) |
| gaszengar• | Take somebody somewhere (English Translation: to lead) |
| gatwip• | Limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent (English Translation: little) |
| gatšon• | The entire structure of an organism (an animal; plant; or human being) (English Translation: body) |
| gatṇo• | A statute in draft before it becomes law (English Translation: bill) |
| gaṭžet• | Be shown or be found to be (English Translation: to prove) |
| gekfetxim• | Give help or assistance; be of service (English Translation: to help) |
| gekḍir• | The time when the Moon is fully illuminated (English Translation: full) |
| gerḍel• | Universal determiner referring to the whole set or totality. (English Translation: all) |
| geswit• | Subordinator marking simultaneity or contrast. (English Translation: while) |
| geyarbap• | Take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to (English Translation: to represent) |
| gezis• | Come upon; as if by accident; meet with (English Translation: to find) |
| gešatfil• | A detailed critical inspection (English Translation: study) |
| gešbel• | The act of using (English Translation: use) |
| geṭzirkak• | A systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols (English Translation: language) |
| gikwam• | Used to ask for or indicate a choice among alternatives. (English Translation: which) |
| gikzetyap• | Anything that contributes causally to a result (English Translation: factor) |
| gipzeṇat• | A way of doing something; especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps) (English Translation: method) |
| gišfaṭ• | from first to last (English Translation: throughout) |
| gohoršop• | Put into a certain place or abstract location (English Translation: to put) |
| goldušṇat• | The inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room; hallway; tent; or other structure) (English Translation: floor) |
| golmaṭgup• | Subordinator marking an endpoint in time. (English Translation: until) |
| gomat• | Express in words (English Translation: to say) |
| gondat• | With reference to action or condition; without change; interruption; or cessation (English Translation: still) |
| gonfuk• | The property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals (English Translation: number) |
| gonus• | The striking of one body against another (English Translation: impact) |
| goryat• | Deal with (something unpleasant) head on (English Translation: to face) |
| gulwot• | The time that has elapsed (English Translation: past) |
| gunṭut• | A particular course of action intended to achieve a result (English Translation: process) |
| gušbam• | enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure (English Translation: happy) |
| gužop• | Immediately following in time or order (English Translation: next) |
| ha• | Focus particle placed after the focused element. (English Translation: focus) |
| hakfakrer• | Act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining (English Translation: development) |
| halḍulxos• | A series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep (English Translation: dream) |
| hammaṭ• | Possessive determiner marking a noun phrase as belonging to a person or entity. (English Translation: its) |
| hanpe• | Writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay) (English Translation: author) |
| hapbu• | One of the four cardinal directions; opposite north; the region or area toward the south (English Translation: south) |
| har• | An adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) (English Translation: man) |
| haršun• | A male companion-for-hire or social entertainer; not strictly sexual. Implies paid charm; escorting; flattering; and public-facing social labor; and can be mildly taboo or urban-coded. (English Translation: gigolo; male escort) |
| hatngaš• | The accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities (English Translation: experience) |
| haštom• | A married man; a woman's partner in marriage (English Translation: husband) |
| haṭkar• | (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g.; a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed (English Translation: order) |
| hemmeṭ• | to a degree (not used with a negative) (English Translation: quite) |
| hemnat• | Quantifier indicating a large number (count nouns). (English Translation: many) |
| hen• | Auxiliary verb “have” used to form tense; aspect; or periphrastic constructions. (English Translation: to have) |
| henpipšel• | Interpret something that is written or printed (English Translation: to read) |
| hepžinwaš• | A relation between people; (`relationship' is often used where `relation' would serve; as in `the relationship between inflation and unemployment'; but the preferred usage of `relationship' is for human relations or states of relatedness) (English Translation: relationship) |
| herbi• | An instance of questioning (English Translation: question) |
| herzan• | A clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water (English Translation: open) |
| hetnge• | An examination and dissection of a dead body to determine cause of death or the changes produced by disease (English Translation: Autopsy) |
| hešrip• | Activity leading to skilled behavior (English Translation: training) |
| heṭwer• | The temporal end; the concluding time (English Translation: close) |
| heṭḍanya• | Give an exhibition of to an interested audience (English Translation: to show) |
| hikles• | (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons) (English Translation: attack) |
| hilngesḍi• | The totality of surrounding conditions (English Translation: environment) |
| hinek• | above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent (English Translation: big) |
| hingiš• | An air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation (English Translation: low) |
| hipnet• | A human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb (English Translation: arm) |
| hipṭesžan• | The most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender (English Translation: money) |
| hirṇir• | Feel concern or interest (English Translation: to care) |
| hishiṭ• | Possession of controlling influence (English Translation: power) |
| hisngešte• | Determiner indicating quantity; distribution; or indefiniteness. (English Translation: several) |
| hitsa• | The particular occupation for which you are trained (English Translation: career) |
| hiṭpel• | Someone who controls resources and expenditures (English Translation: manager) |
| hobam• | Any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange (English Translation: unit) |
| hopšakxu• | gone by; or in the past (English Translation: ago) |
| horror• | established by or founded upon law or official or accepted rules (English Translation: legal) |
| horḍur• | The collection of rules imposed by authority (English Translation: law) |
| hosmos• | A worker who is hired to perform a job (English Translation: employee) |
| hosnal• | A particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) (English Translation: area) |
| hossut• | A category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality (English Translation: kind) |
| hosṇar• | The power or right to give orders or make decisions (English Translation: authority) |
| hotok• | One of the thirteen divisions of the calendar year (English Translation: month) |
| hotṭul• | To go or travel towards (English Translation: to head) |
| hožomngun• | Cardinal numeral meaning “eight”. (English Translation: eight) |
| hoṭful• | A thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts (English Translation: structure) |
| hukluraṭ• | Be worried; concerned; anxious; troubled; or uneasy (English Translation: to worry) |
| hukwampaš• | A very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk (English Translation: baby) |
| hunkut• | The place where some action occurs (English Translation: scene) |
| hurguṭmaš• | Determiner indicating identity or lack of difference. (English Translation: same) |
| husṇoš• | Cardinal numeral meaning “billion”. (English Translation: billion) |
| hutfan• | Happening unexpectedly (English Translation: suddenly) |
| hutxaṭ• | A state at a particular time (English Translation: condition) |
| huwaṭ• | Subordinator introducing a condition. (English Translation: if) |
| huyot• | People who are no longer living (English Translation: dead) |
| huše• | Air; upper wind; the sky-air - as a medium. (English Translation: Air; upper wind) |
| hužuṭ• | Instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity (English Translation: system) |
| huṭhak• | The person who plays the position of forward in certain games; such as basketball; soccer; or hockey (English Translation: forward) |
| huṭnup• | delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration (English Translation: beautiful) |
| ka• | Which thing; used to ask for information about something. (English Translation: what) |
| kalderset• | Quantifier indicating a large amount (mass nouns). (English Translation: much) |
| kamzer• | Express in words (English Translation: to state) |
| kanlonkon• | Modal auxiliary expressing past ability; possibility; or politeness. (English Translation: could) |
| kapfeṭ• | Broadcasting visual images of stationary or moving objects (English Translation: TV) |
| karngutng• | Your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief (English Translation: evidence) |
| ke• | Subordinator introducing complement and adverbial clauses. (English Translation: that; when) |
| kelbiš• | A member of a religious order who is bound by vows of poverty and chastity and obedience (English Translation: religious) |
| kemdis• | Available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed (English Translation: resource) |
| kenṇimpep• | Any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting (English Translation: weapon) |
| kepeṭ• | A member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds (English Translation: dog) |
| kepfi• | Discover or come upon accidentally; suddenly; or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state (English Translation: to catch) |
| kepxep• | Cause to move by striking (English Translation: to hit) |
| kesṭitges• | Carry out or perform an action (English Translation: to perform) |
| ketḍekhim• | Meaning of English “anything”. (English Translation: anything) |
| keš• | Two; also used in engineering and ritual pairing formulas where duality is emphasized. (English Translation: two) |
| kešḍeṭ• | Ordinal numeral meaning “second” (in sequence). (English Translation: second) |
| kihat• | A (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid (English Translation: box) |
| kimtim• | The region that is inside of something (English Translation: inside) |
| kimwek• | That which is contrary to the principles of justice or law (English Translation: wrong) |
| kimzepak• | An important question that is in dispute and must be settled (English Translation: issue) |
| kimṇaṭ• | A period of 100 years (English Translation: century) |
| kirles• | The act of managing something (English Translation: management) |
| kirṇap• | Coordinating conjunction marking an alternative or choice. (English Translation: or) |
| kismak• | The event of dying or departure from life (English Translation: death) |
| kixet• | Try to get or reach (English Translation: to seek) |
| kiṭzak• | Cardinal numeral meaning “million”. (English Translation: million) |
| kobaṭtot• | A formation of people or things one beside another (English Translation: line) |
| koksukgun• | The content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about (English Translation: idea) |
| komšoṭ• | Come into the possession of something concrete or abstract (English Translation: to get) |
| kopbut• | Make full; also in a metaphorical sense (English Translation: to fill) |
| kottusnuš• | Make or work out a plan for; devise (English Translation: to design) |
| kotšop• | Immediately past (English Translation: last) |
| košgun• | Mean or intend to express or convey (English Translation: to mean) |
| ku• | What person or people; which person. (English Translation: who) |
| kumnom• | Nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication (English Translation: article) |
| kumta• | Perform an action; or work out or perform (an action) (English Translation: to act) |
| kunhar• | How something is done or how it happens (English Translation: way) |
| kurṭok• | Come or bring to a finish or an end (English Translation: to finish) |
| kuzollok• | An impetuous rush toward someone or something (English Translation: charge) |
| kuṇuk• | Blue color or pigment; resembling the color of the clear sky in the daytime (English Translation: blue) |
| kuṭmurul• | The season of growth (English Translation: spring) |
| kuṭngak• | Cause to die; put to death; usually intentionally or knowingly (English Translation: to kill) |
| ladutṇoṭ• | A method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs) (English Translation: administration) |
| lallir• | A place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location (English Translation: side) |
| lampayus• | Gain knowledge or skills (English Translation: to learn) |
| larbap• | Direct one's attention on something (English Translation: to focus) |
| larwiṭ• | Determiner indicating quantity; distribution; or indefiniteness. (English Translation: few) |
| larzalhum• | Look attentively (English Translation: to watch) |
| lasṇušri• | The act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining (English Translation: show) |
| lašbu• | Assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing (English Translation: to claim) |
| laḍu• | Unit of time equal to 1/60 of a minute. (English Translation: second) |
| lekšek• | Be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight (English Translation: to fight) |
| lekšekar• | A brave fighter or valorous person; typically non-professional. Implies stubborn courage and personal resolve more than formal soldiery or institutional rank. (English Translation: brave fighter) |
| lelṭin• | Expect; believe; or suppose (English Translation: to guess) |
| lemta• | The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group (English Translation: role) |
| leptis• | Anything indispensable (English Translation: necessary) |
| lespep• | up to the present time (English Translation: yet) |
| lesšer• | Indefinite determiner in non-affirmative contexts; ‘no matter which’. (English Translation: any) |
| letṭa• | To consider or examine in speech or writing (English Translation: to discuss) |
| lezim• | The people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise (English Translation: industry) |
| lešhi• | The feelings expressed on a person's face (English Translation: look) |
| lešmepšan• | Place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed (English Translation: office) |
| lešžiš• | Modal auxiliary expressing conditionality; habitual past; or politeness. (English Translation: would) |
| limṇiltal• | The force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit) (English Translation: pressure) |
| linšiṭ• | Move with force; (English Translation: to push) |
| lisgaṭ• | An essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone (English Translation: quality) |
| litheknga• | The organ of sight (English Translation: eye) |
| lišpiṭ• | A youthful male person (English Translation: boy) |
| lolkak• | A unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour (English Translation: minute) |
| lonfulwop• | The first of two or the first mentioned of two (English Translation: former) |
| longat• | A powerful effect or influence (English Translation: force) |
| lopdun• | Come to pass (English Translation: to occur) |
| lopžum• | And nothing more (English Translation: simply) |
| losdak• | Meaning of English “onto”. (English Translation: onto) |
| losfaš• | One side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains (English Translation: page) |
| losroš• | of or relating to the external conditions or surroundings (English Translation: environmental) |
| losuš• | Go to see a place; as for entertainment (English Translation: to visit) |
| lotṇa• | An organization to gain political power (English Translation: party) |
| lozam• | Education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings (English Translation: course) |
| lunlot• | Reach; make; or come to a decision about something (English Translation: to decide) |
| lusgur• | A committee having supervisory powers (English Translation: board) |
| luszapum• | A state of difficulty that needs to be resolved (English Translation: problem) |
| lušlom• | The act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan) (English Translation: design) |
| luṭtal• | The latter part of the day / the last hour of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) (English Translation: evening) |
| ma• | Negation particle; marks clause-level negation. (English Translation: not; no) |
| mabat• | Move while supporting; either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body (English Translation: to carry) |
| makbenkar• | The general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time (English Translation: situation) |
| mamṭop• | Set up or found (English Translation: to establish) |
| mapšitnun• | Separate with or as if with an instrument (English Translation: to cut) |
| martiktit• | Make an effort or attempt (English Translation: to try) |
| marzan• | A source of difficulty (English Translation: trouble) |
| maržal• | The particular auditory effect produced by a given cause (English Translation: sound) |
| masmus• | one or some or every or all without specification (English Translation: whatever) |
| mašlol• | Come to a halt; stop moving (English Translation: to stop) |
| meksalgan• | A person who rules or guides or inspires others (English Translation: leader) |
| melkit• | The act of testing something (English Translation: trial) |
| men• | An adult female person (as opposed to a man) (English Translation: woman) |
| menṭel• | The region that is outside of something (English Translation: outside) |
| meshim• | A race between candidates for elective office (English Translation: campaign) |
| meskil• | Discover or determine the existence; presence; or fact of (English Translation: to discover) |
| metpašwam• | An artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner (English Translation: music) |
| metže• | Provide with a covering or cause to be covered (English Translation: to cover) |
| meṭngal• | A position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality (English Translation: degree) |
| meṭsa• | A position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality (English Translation: level) |
| minma• | The work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something (English Translation: care) |
| mipxek• | Come together (English Translation: to meet) |
| missirlaṭ• | Being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory; ; ; (English Translation: real) |
| mišmi• | In or to or toward a former location (English Translation: back) |
| miṭik• | Put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose (English Translation: to use) |
| miṭkek• | consisting of or derived from tradition (English Translation: traditional) |
| mokrupfum• | A young person of either sex (English Translation: kid) |
| mom• | A low whisper; under-the-breath talk; a rumor or bit of court gossip (especially in older-register storytelling). (English Translation: whisper; murmur) |
| moszur• | A category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality (English Translation: sort) |
| mukngosdu• | Beneath; below; covered by. (English Translation: under) |
| musal• | That which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason (English Translation: mind) |
| musḍor• | Something that is remembered (English Translation: memory) |
| musṇaš• | A particular society at a particular time and place (English Translation: culture) |
| mutlosut• | A particular branch of scientific knowledge (English Translation: science) |
| mušḍon• | Involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians (English Translation: political) |
| naheš• | The (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb (English Translation: hand) |
| nakfon• | A large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts (English Translation: city) |
| naksal• | Tto pursue as a presence; to linger and return (of fear; memory; spirits) (English Translation: to haunt). |
| nakḍuk• | Having undesirable or negative qualities (English Translation: bad) |
| nakṇeran• | A person who requires medical care (English Translation: patient) |
| namforza• | Serve a purpose; role; or function (English Translation: to serve) |
| nanžešḍum• | have as a part; be made up out of (English Translation: including) |
| napḍin• | Cause to move by pulling (English Translation: to pull) |
| nara• | In or to what place; in what position or situation. (English Translation: where) |
| nare• | Subordinator introducing a time clause. (English Translation: when) |
| nari• | The cause or intention underlying an action or situation; especially in the phrase `the whys and wherefores' (English Translation: why) |
| naro• | In what way or by what means; by what manner. (English Translation: how) |
| nasdum• | Move or cause to move back and forth (English Translation: to shake) |
| naslin• | A source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune (English Translation: risk) |
| nassosṭa• | Subordinator marking time (“from then”) or cause (“because”). (English Translation: since) |
| naxis• | Pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life (English Translation: to die) |
| našraṭ• | The solid part of the earth's surface (English Translation: ground) |
| naššam• | Being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light (English Translation: black) |
| naṭtuš• | coming at a subsequent time or stage (English Translation: later) |
| nel• | River mouth; estuary; also metaphorically the ‘entry-point’ to trade routes and control of river passage. (English Translation: river mouth; estuary) |
| nelel• | Away from a surface or position of contact; not on or attached to. (English Translation: off) |
| nelgepki• | Impart skills or knowledge to (English Translation: to teach) |
| nelzelṇil• | A swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle (English Translation: door) |
| nemman• | Produce a literary work (English Translation: to write) |
| nemṇit• | Make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use; event; etc (English Translation: to prepare) |
| nenfal• | Dismiss from the mind; stop remembering (English Translation: to forget) |
| nethak• | A means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information (English Translation: media) |
| netnge• | Something that can be done (English Translation: possible) |
| nešžis• | A rational motive for a belief or action (English Translation: reason) |
| nežar• | Above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent (English Translation: large) |
| neṭnis• | One of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) (English Translation: member) |
| neṭpe• | involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit (English Translation: physical) |
| neṭsa• | Meaning of English “among”. (English Translation: among) |
| neṭžiṭ• | Not ever; at no time in the past or future (English Translation: never) |
| nigileṭ• | A piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred (English Translation: fact) |
| niliš• | Indicate a place; direction; person; or thing; either spatially or figuratively (English Translation: to point) |
| nilpišṇi• | An educational institution (English Translation: school) |
| nilžeṭ• | React verbally (English Translation: to answer) |
| nimgaš• | The event of something burning (often destructive) (English Translation: fire) |
| nimsiš• | Determiner indicating quantity; distribution; or indefiniteness. (English Translation: another) |
| nipban• | Indicating exactness or preciseness (English Translation: exactly) |
| nipxik• | The psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning (English Translation: knowledge) |
| nipzat• | Greater in size; extent; or importance; principal; also a military rank above captain and below lieutenant colonel (English Translation: major) |
| nirri• | Any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties (English Translation: simple) |
| nistit• | not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure (English Translation: difficult) |
| nisxep• | Assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to (English Translation: to call) |
| nitlam• | The principal activity in your life that you do to earn money (English Translation: job) |
| nitsaṭya• | An event that accomplishes its intended purpose (English Translation: success) |
| nitwe• | The force of policemen and officers (English Translation: police) |
| nitši• | A mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of (English Translation: air) |
| nišes• | in place of; or as an alternative to (English Translation: instead) |
| niṭe• | (of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but (English Translation: almost) |
| niṭyemza• | To a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common (English Translation: especially) |
| nolpam• | At any time (English Translation: ever) |
| nonrum• | A general officer of the highest rank (English Translation: general) |
| noplaš• | A special situation (English Translation: thing) |
| norxašso• | A tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms (English Translation: tree) |
| noržun• | A magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit (English Translation: rate) |
| notnap• | Meaning of English “toward”. (English Translation: toward) |
| noyut• | having strength or power greater than average or expected (English Translation: strong) |
| nošyol• | Uncastrated adult male horse (English Translation: entire) |
| nu• | Coordinating conjunction linking words; phrases; or clauses additively. (English Translation: and) |
| nulwut• | The particular portion of space occupied by something (English Translation: position) |
| numlarat• | Indefinite determiner indicating an unspecified quantity or selection. (English Translation: some) |
| nunngatwo• | marked by correspondence or resemblance (English Translation: similar) |
| nupngas• | Accept as true; take to be true (English Translation: to believe) |
| nurharbom• | The state prevailing during the absence of war (English Translation: peace) |
| nurron• | And nothing more (English Translation: just) |
| nurzur• | The time yet to come (English Translation: future) |
| nuržom• | Put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose (English Translation: to apply) |
| nusgun• | A plan of action adopted by an individual or social group (English Translation: policy) |
| nutgo• | The location on a baseball field where the shortstop is stationed (English Translation: short) |
| nutṇo• | A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena (English Translation: theory) |
| nušguk• | The act of making up your mind about something (English Translation: decision) |
| nušruš• | Cause to have; in the abstract sense or physical sense (English Translation: to give) |
| nuṭwo• | Give a description of (English Translation: to describe) |
| nuṭzas• | Determiner indicating a different member or alternative set. (English Translation: other) |
| nətzyu• | A woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother) (English Translation: mother) |
| okhret• | Gorge; deep cleft; narrow pass; strongly implies danger; echoing depth; and steep rock faces. (English Translation: gorge) |
| onnom• | A particle denoting close family kinship on the same generational level English Translation: Sibling; \lit. of my kind\ |
| ordešḍis• | A sacred ember or divine spark; treated as the smallest “valid remainder” of sanctity in temple logic. In secular speech it extends to inherited legitimacy; charismatic authority; and a lineage’s ritually acknowledged “fire.” (English Translation: sacred ember; divine spark) |
| padar• | A condition requiring relief (English Translation: need) |
| pakpap• | Connect closely and often incriminatingly (English Translation: to involve) |
| palnges• | Subordinator introducing an alternative or embedded question. (English Translation: whether) |
| pamkul• | A series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished (English Translation: plan) |
| panpomdiṭ• | All things; the entirety of things. (English Translation: everything) |
| papsotran• | A written message addressed to a person or organization (English Translation: letter) |
| parḍuṭ• | Take the first step or steps in carrying out an action (English Translation: to begin) |
| pasžunya• | The region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line (English Translation: north) |
| pelweš• | A cooperative unit (especially in sports) (English Translation: team) |
| pemgel• | Activities associated with sexual intercourse (English Translation: sex) |
| pepten• | Exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity (English Translation: to work) |
| petfen• | Any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command (English Translation: officer) |
| pešsis• | Shield from danger; injury; destruction; or damage (English Translation: to protect) |
| peṇ• | Cardinal numeral meaning “five”. (English Translation: five) |
| peṭzis• | Put into a certain place or abstract location (English Translation: to lay) |
| pikṭi• | A formal meeting or assembly; in political contexts; a legislative body (English Translation: Congress) |
| pilšek• | Possessive determiner marking a noun phrase as belonging to a person or entity. (English Translation: my) |
| pimṭar• | definite but not specified or identified (English Translation: certain) |
| pinṭes• | Meaning of English “per”. (English Translation: per) |
| pipsat• | A group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used (English Translation: set) |
| pisre• | something that is of no importance (English Translation: least) |
| pissap• | (physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs (English Translation: energy) |
| pisṇiḍaš• | Fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have; either physically or in an abstract sense (English Translation: to lose) |
| pithi• | not only so; but (English Translation: yeah) |
| pokmuṭ• | An aromatic gum resin obtained from various Arabian or East African trees; formerly valued for worship and for embalming and fumigation (English Translation: thus) |
| pokrol• | The activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill (English Translation: education) |
| pokwoṭ• | The central and most intense or profound part (English Translation: deep) |
| pokṭup• | despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) (English Translation: however) |
| ponhuš• | A perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened) (English Translation: sign) |
| popamxur• | Buildings for carrying on industrial labor (English Translation: plant) |
| popzu• | A health facility where patients receive treatment (English Translation: hospital) |
| posyum• | A message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc (English Translation: statement) |
| pozalmoš• | The final match between the winners of all previous matches in an elimination tournament (English Translation: final) |
| pošfal• | The countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America (English Translation: west) |
| pukyor• | A covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss (English Translation: hair) |
| puldar• | A pair who associate with one another (English Translation: couple) |
| pulyam• | Determiner referring to two items together. (English Translation: both) |
| punrum• | (military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies (English Translation: defense) |
| punšalḍut• | From a particular thing or place or position (`forth' is obsolete) (English Translation: away) |
| pupšo• | A journey for some purpose (usually including the return) (English Translation: trip) |
| pusnupngu• | Undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind (English Translation: to feel) |
| pusror• | Prefer or wish to do something (English Translation: to like) |
| ralhom• | A human limb; commonly used to refer to a whole limb but technically only the part of the limb between the knee and ankle (English Translation: leg) |
| ramdekok• | Red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood (English Translation: red) |
| rammom• | Social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power (English Translation: politics) |
| ranrip• | Give rise to; cause to happen or occur; not always intentionally (English Translation: to cause) |
| rapwet• | A thing of unspecified kind or quantity; some unspecified object or matter. (English Translation: something) |
| ratnalxol• | A special offering (usually temporary and at a reduced price) that is featured in advertising (English Translation: special) |
| raššap• | Stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something (English Translation: to avoid) |
| relgan• | not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure (English Translation: hard) |
| reryap• | A person who participates in or is skilled at some game (English Translation: player) |
| resba• | Know and comprehend the nature or meaning of (English Translation: to understand) |
| resyim• | Meaning of English “others”. (English Translation: others) |
| ri• | A contrastive/discourse particle marking a shift or contrast with the prior topic or proposition (English Translation: (contrast marker)) |
| rilxiš• | Come to pass (English Translation: to happen) |
| rimgetyip• | Something that happens at a given place and time (English Translation: event) |
| ringim• | in one piece; composed and steady (mentally or socially) (English Translation: together) |
| ringir• | Equal; level; evenly matched. (Older/ritual tone: ‘equal before law/temple’.) (English Translation: Equal) |
| ringirbek• | Used to emphasize something surprising or extreme; also used to indicate equality. (English Translation: even) |
| rinžaknim• | farther along in space or time or degree (English Translation: beyond) |
| rišlit• | A numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed (English Translation: value) |
| riṭšal• | A person who works at a specific occupation (English Translation: worker) |
| rokwufat• | The quality of being unlike or dissimilar (English Translation: difference) |
| rolḍut• | regarded with great favor; approval; or affection especially by the general public (English Translation: popular) |
| romngu• | Meaning of English “whose”. (English Translation: whose) |
| ropdun• | The commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services (English Translation: trade) |
| ropṭap• | Of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country (English Translation: national) |
| rorsa• | Charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government (English Translation: tax) |
| rosdašxap• | Exchange or deliver for money or its equivalent (English Translation: to sell) |
| rossat• | Ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation (English Translation: approach) |
| rosḍoš• | Relating to the Americas; often specifically to the United States; or a person from there (English Translation: American) |
| rukfošmup• | A prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda) (English Translation: conference) |
| rukxoš• | Inquire about (English Translation: to ask) |
| rulboṭ• | People who are free (English Translation: free) |
| rullak• | Relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind (English Translation: great) |
| runhor• | An organization founded and united for a specific purpose (English Translation: institution) |
| runnoṭ• | (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation (English Translation: light) |
| runrum• | A party of people assembled to promote sociability and communal activity (English Translation: social) |
| rurošžon• | Manner of acting or controlling yourself (English Translation: behavior) |
| rurtaš• | Be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about (English Translation: to know) |
| ruržop• | involving financial matters (English Translation: financial) |
| rutza• | The total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor (English Translation: cost) |
| rušgarfar• | Meaning of English “upon”. (English Translation: upon) |
| ruḍayam• | Subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) (English Translation: then) |
| ruṇoṭ• | Another time; once more. (English Translation: again) |
| sa• | Auxiliary verb “be” used to form tense; aspect; or periphrastic constructions. (English Translation: to be) |
| sakšap• | Recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection (English Translation: to remember) |
| salbip• | The front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear (English Translation: face) |
| samṭin• | Stay the same; remain in a certain state (English Translation: to remain) |
| saphet• | Make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen (English Translation: to allow) |
| saptoṭ• | Continue a certain state; condition; or activity (English Translation: to continue) |
| sasgos• | The questioning of a person (or a conversation in which information is elicited); often conducted by journalists (English Translation: interview) |
| sater• | A weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel) (English Translation: gun) |
| se• | Demonstrative determiner for a distal referent; also a complementizer in English; also used as a topical particle (se) to mark the discourse topic. (English Translation: that) |
| selem• | Toward a lower position; to a lower level; downward. (English Translation: down) |
| semtem• | The property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold) (English Translation: price) |
| semṭaš• | Be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position (English Translation: to lie) |
| sen• | Plural demonstrative determiner for distal referents. (English Translation: those) |
| sengalda• | A telephone connection (English Translation: call) |
| sesfal• | (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior (English Translation: star) |
| sespinṇiṭ• | A dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage (English Translation: play) |
| sešhil• | The phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something (English Translation: form) |
| sešwisṇam• | A politically organized body of people under a single government (English Translation: nation) |
| si• | Demonstrative determiner for a proximal referent. (English Translation: this) |
| silbi• | Examine and note the similarities or differences of (English Translation: to compare) |
| sin• | Plural demonstrative determiner for proximal referents. (English Translation: these) |
| sirtal• | A dramatic or musical entertainment (English Translation: performance) |
| siṇarek• | Any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal (English Translation: measure) |
| siṭnenpip• | Be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious (English Translation: to win) |
| siṭngap• | The place where something begins; where it springs into being (English Translation: source) |
| solhakḍol• | A piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed (English Translation: field) |
| solšan• | To cause to do through pressure or necessity; by physical; moral or intellectual means : (English Translation: to force) |
| solžus• | Cut down on; make a reduction in (English Translation: to reduce) |
| somkuṭxaš• | Preposition expressing occurrence within a time period. (English Translation: during) |
| somuš• | A person whose occupation is teaching (English Translation: teacher) |
| sonan• | A self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical) (English Translation: section) |
| sonwol• | A principle or condition that customarily governs behavior (English Translation: rule) |
| sopdap• | Modal auxiliary expressing possibility (often weaker or more tentative). (English Translation: might) |
| sošgolfon• | posing no difficulty; requiring little effort (English Translation: easy) |
| su• | Second-person pronoun (su/sun): the addressee; number is context-dependent in English. (English Translation: you) |
| sultun• | An investigation of the component parts of a whole and their relations in making up the whole (English Translation: analysis) |
| sun• | Second-person plural pronoun ‘you (PL)’; also used as a respectful singular in formal address (English Translation: you (plural)) |
| sunot• | A period of time encompassing one full Earth revolution round the Sun (English Translation: year) |
| sunšat• | A flow of electricity through a conductor (English Translation: current) |
| surwom• | The time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside (English Translation: night) |
| sušram• | With rapid movements (English Translation: quickly) |
| ta• | Adversative coordinator linking clauses or phrases with contrast. (English Translation: but) |
| ta• | First-person singular pronoun (ta): the speaker. (English Translation: I) |
| taltiš• | The vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity (English Translation: weight) |
| talšek• | Possessive determiner marking a noun phrase as belonging to a person or entity. (English Translation: their) |
| tan• | First-person plural pronoun (tan): the speaker and others. (English Translation: we) |
| tapma• | Determiner indicating a kind or degree (‘of that type’). (English Translation: such) |
| tar• | Perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight (English Translation: to see) |
| tasdonmek• | Greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount (English Translation: high) |
| tatwupfem• | Subordinator marking concession or contrast. (English Translation: though) |
| taššo• | An instance or single occasion for some event (English Translation: time) |
| taṭbupšir• | Give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect (English Translation: to seem) |
| tekṭemfes• | In opposition to; in contact with; contrary to. (English Translation: against) |
| teryaš• | Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit (English Translation: group) |
| tetxe• | An enlisted man of the lowest rank in the Army or Marines (English Translation: private) |
| teṭlan• | An extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization (English Translation: society) |
| tiheṭ• | Having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified (English Translation: good) |
| tikla• | All of something including all its component elements or parts (English Translation: whole) |
| tiksep• | Auxiliary verb “do” used to form tense; aspect; or periphrastic constructions. (English Translation: to do) |
| tilpekṭaš• | A slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water (English Translation: oil) |
| tines• | Deem to be (English Translation: to consider) |
| tingenseš• | Something done (usually as opposed to something said) (English Translation: action) |
| tinna• | (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth (English Translation: young) |
| tinta• | Change location; move; travel; or proceed; also metaphorically (English Translation: to move) |
| tipnašseš• | Cause to move by pulling (English Translation: to draw) |
| tisas• | An isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole (English Translation: detail) |
| tisrin• | A dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families (English Translation: house) |
| tisritsik• | To give an account or representation of in words (English Translation: to report) |
| titdan• | Pass into a condition gradually; take on a specific property or attribute; become (English Translation: to grow) |
| titngeṭ• | Move upward (English Translation: to rise) |
| tixa• | The capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest (equity) (English Translation: stock) |
| tizas• | Subordinator marking comparison; time; manner; or cause (English “as”). (English Translation: as) |
| tokanga• | Cardinal numeral meaning “seven”. (English Translation: seven) |
| tokwunngo• | A married woman; a man's partner in marriage (English Translation: wife) |
| tokšoš• | Activity directed toward making or doing something (English Translation: work) |
| tolsol• | A female human offspring (English Translation: daughter) |
| topfol• | A fully developed person from maturity onward (English Translation: adult) |
| toplosloš• | To a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common (English Translation: particularly) |
| topwut• | Go or come back to place; condition; or activity where one has been before (English Translation: to return) |
| torngus• | The extended spatial location of something (English Translation: region) |
| tosxuṭ• | (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent (English Translation: lot) |
| totḍap• | To come or go into (English Translation: to enter) |
| tošpup• | Any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence; articulate speech; and erect carriage (English Translation: human) |
| tožun• | The number 100; a group or set of one hundred units (English Translation: hundred) |
| tukmoš• | The locus of feelings and intuitions (English Translation: heart) |
| tuknuk• | A group of people related by blood; marriage; or close association; often living together. (English Translation: family) |
| tuktulhup• | A demanding or stimulating situation (English Translation: challenge) |
| tukxos• | Take the first step or steps in carrying out an action (English Translation: to start) |
| tupyan• | Have an effect upon (English Translation: to affect) |
| turlon• | Have the will and intention to carry out some action (English Translation: to plan) |
| turopyas• | The quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment (English Translation: ability) |
| tusnoṭ• | The piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located) (English Translation: site) |
| wasngis• | The cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100 (English Translation: thousand) |
| wašžis• | A learner who is enrolled in an educational institution (English Translation: student) |
| wemwemtam• | A basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated (English Translation: standard) |
| wepleṭ• | Fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind (English Translation: to miss) |
| weptep• | with a forward motion (English Translation: along) |
| werberte• | Of great significance or value (English Translation: important) |
| wetmil• | The system of production and distribution and consumption (English Translation: economy) |
| weṭan• | Location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east (English Translation: left) |
| weṭnarpa• | A diagram or picture illustrating textual material (English Translation: figure) |
| wider• | In accordance with truth or fact or reality (English Translation: really) |
| wikhem• | A symptom of some physical hurt or disorder (English Translation: pain) |
| wilfarwen• | Make visible (English Translation: to reveal) |
| wimṇir• | Make mention of (English Translation: to note) |
| wise• | The people who inhabit a territory or state (English Translation: population) |
| wisnal• | The fleshy part of the human body that you sit on (English Translation: behind) |
| wisxelnga• | A brief written record (English Translation: note) |
| wiḍepli• | Be suspended or hanging (English Translation: to hang) |
| wiṭbel• | Meaning of English “although”. (English Translation: although) |
| wofasfaṭ• | Keep in a certain state; position; or activity (English Translation: to maintain) |
| wokḍošwot• | Go across or through (English Translation: to pass) |
| womšoš• | One of a set of small pieces of stiff paper marked in various ways and used for playing games or for telling fortunes (English Translation: card) |
| worpaš• | Something determined in relation to something that includes it (English Translation: part) |
| worpuphan• | Give something useful or necessary to (English Translation: to provide) |
| wospon• | An adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose (English Translation: enough) |
| wotfoṭsoš• | The upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains (English Translation: head) |
| wošsuk• | Limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent (English Translation: small) |
| woṭgos• | Public transport consisting of a bus or train that stops at all stations or stops (English Translation: local) |
| wranigom• | A male with the same parents as someone else (English Translation: brother) |
| wraṭ• | Clitic marking leftwardness; also used for the left/masculine side in kinship framing (English Translation: left-side particle) |
| wraṭil• | A male parent (also used as a term of address to your father) (English Translation: father) |
| wraṭiw• | A cousin of the left/masculine side (English Translation: cousin; left-side cousin) |
| wuhuk• | The military forces of a nation (English Translation: military) |
| wukwu• | Appear in a certain way (English Translation: to sound) |
| wukžan• | of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own) (English Translation: foreign) |
| wulkonlar• | To make better (English Translation: to improve) |
| wurkan• | Any small compartment (English Translation: cell) |
| wurkut• | On the surface of; in contact with; supported by. (English Translation: on) |
| wutšumwoš• | Become bigger or greater in amount (English Translation: to increase) |
| wušsoš• | Similar things placed in order or happening one after another (English Translation: series) |
| xakar• | Enter or assume a certain state or condition (English Translation: to become) |
| xambur• | The upper part of anything (English Translation: top) |
| xamṇem• | Have a great affection or liking for (English Translation: to love) |
| xanyiš• | Include or contain; have as a component (English Translation: to contain) |
| xanṇul• | Personnel who assist their superior in carrying out an assigned task (English Translation: staff) |
| xarkam• | Binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent (English Translation: water) |
| xarzap• | River (in toponymic or ceremonial geographic phrasing). Often felt as ‘the river-system’ rather than a small stream. (English Translation: river) |
| xašpar• | To imagine; to picture in the mind; to hold an inner image. (English Translation: to imagine) |
| xekgit• | Save from ruin; destruction; or harm (English Translation: to save) |
| xekḍem• | Take something or somebody with oneself somewhere (English Translation: to bring) |
| xellešfal• | A form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement (English Translation: movie) |
| xelṭap• | From inside to outside; away from an interior or enclosed space. (English Translation: out) |
| xesbap• | (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level (English Translation: growth) |
| xewak• | Express in speech (English Translation: to speak) |
| xeṇet• | Above and across; higher than; covering. (English Translation: over) |
| xiliknar• | Require as useful; just; or proper (English Translation: to require) |
| ximgaṭ• | A division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land (English Translation: sea) |
| ximwisrel• | Everything that exists anywhere (English Translation: world) |
| xinfik• | A general conscious awareness (English Translation: sense) |
| xipḍepngi• | A set of data arranged in rows and columns (English Translation: table) |
| xirbas• | The land on which real estate is located (English Translation: land) |
| xitbaṇel• | Work done by one person or group that benefits another (English Translation: service) |
| xityal• | A statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation (English Translation: answer) |
| xišpe• | A period of 10 years (English Translation: decade) |
| xiḍe• | on the contrary (English Translation: rather) |
| xoduš• | Illness; wasting disease; and serious sickness; often taboo-coded. Heavier than casual ‘sick;’ used in ritual prohibitions and plague narratives. (English Translation: illness; disease) |
| xolgam• | A machine for performing calculations automatically (English Translation: computer) |
| xonpar• | pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing (English Translation: pretty) |
| xoruṭpal• | Propel through the air (English Translation: to throw) |
| xosbus• | To a higher degree than is desirable; acceptable; or possible; excessively. Also: in addition. (English Translation: too) |
| xoshor• | Move fast by using one's feet; with one foot off the ground at any given time (English Translation: to run) |
| xoskol• | Unlike in nature or quality or form or degree (English Translation: different) |
| xošluk• | Present reasons and arguments (English Translation: to argue) |
| xošsam• | Someone who controls resources and expenditures (English Translation: director) |
| xoštul• | Become part of; become a member of a group or organization (English Translation: to join) |
| xoṭluyo• | A period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field (English Translation: season) |
| xumakžuk• | in the near future (English Translation: soon) |
| xunya• | to proclaim publicly or express in words ; to cry out information (market; temple; port; official messages) (English Translation: to tell) |
| xupham• | A short newspaper article about a particular person or group (English Translation: personal) |
| xutru• | Financial assistance in time of need (English Translation: benefit) |
| xutxan• | Under normal conditions (English Translation: usually) |
| xušžor• | obtainable or accessible and ready for use or service (English Translation: available) |
| xuṭam• | on the inside (English Translation: within) |
| yakfiṭ• | Subordinator introducing cause or reason. (English Translation: because) |
| yamka• | To travel behind; go after; come after (English Translation: to follow) |
| yapizol• | In addition; too; likewise; used to add another statement or item (English Translation: also) |
| yapye• | A healthy state of wellbeing free from disease (English Translation: health) |
| yaržar• | prior to a specified or implied time (English Translation: already) |
| yašwit• | A unit of language that native speakers can identify (English Translation: word) |
| yažuš• | With considerable certainty; without much doubt (English Translation: likely) |
| yemfap• | Keep in a certain state; position; or activity (English Translation: to hold) |
| yemrer• | Giving pleasure or joy good and enjoyable (English Translation: nice) |
| yemḍer• | Modal auxiliary expressing ability or possibility. (English Translation: can) |
| yetfen• | Definitely or positively (`sure' is sometimes used informally for `surely') (English Translation: certainly) |
| yetžakḍit• | Make a proposal; declare a plan for something (English Translation: to suggest) |
| yešes• | To the inside of; toward the interior of; into a new state. (English Translation: into) |
| yešlaṭ• | A change of position that does not entail a change of location (English Translation: movement) |
| yiklal• | Hear with intention (English Translation: to listen) |
| yilek• | Determiner indicating quantity; distribution; or indefiniteness. (English Translation: less) |
| yipngas• | The person or thing chosen or selected (English Translation: choice) |
| yippamkes• | Make plain and comprehensible (English Translation: to explain) |
| yirṇas• | After an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay (English Translation: finally) |
| yitṭaṭ• | The tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object (English Translation: stuff) |
| yixep• | Any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted (English Translation: project) |
| yokun• | The body of faculty and students of a college (English Translation: college) |
| yolpum• | A piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area (English Translation: common) |
| yonyalṇoṭ• | The physical magnitude of something (how big it is) (English Translation: size) |
| yopwon• | Stay in one place and anticipate or expect something (English Translation: to wait) |
| yopṭaprat• | Act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression (English Translation: to deal) |
| yosžuš• | Engage in (English Translation: to make) |
| yowum• | Descend in free fall under the influence of gravity (English Translation: to fall) |
| yubop• | An exchange of ideas via conversation (English Translation: talk) |
| yuhuk• | Express gratitude or show appreciation to (English Translation: to thank) |
| yuldogap• | Perceive (sound) via the auditory sense (English Translation: to hear) |
| yumfak• | In or at that place (English Translation: there) |
| yumža• | Not having; lacking; in the absence of. (English Translation: without) |
| yuppalgam• | Absence of light or illumination (English Translation: dark) |
| yuswon• | Pick out; select; or choose from a number of alternatives (English Translation: to choose) |
| yutrap• | Derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in (English Translation: to enjoy) |
| zalžoṭ• | Operate or control a vehicle (English Translation: to drive) |
| zangaṭ• | Conjunction introducing a subordinate clause and specifying a logical or temporal relation. (English Translation: than) |
| zanṭas• | (followed by `to') in agreement with or accordant with (English Translation: according) |
| zapgi• | An open way (generally public) for travel or transportation (English Translation: road) |
| zarheš• | A hypothetical description of a complex entity or process (English Translation: model) |
| zarnoš• | A living organism characterized by voluntary movement (English Translation: animal) |
| zawe• | one of two equal parts of a divisible whole (English Translation: half) |
| zašo• | Time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis (English Translation: day) |
| zašsuš• | \In these times of the hour\ (English Translation: today) |
| zekḍaš• | All people; every person. (English Translation: everyone) |
| zenṇap• | Any competition (English Translation: race) |
| zipbilgaṭ• | Being of the achromatic color of maximum lightness; bright; pale; the ‘clear-light’ (English Translation: white) |
| zipsi• | Something left after other parts have been taken away (English Translation: rest) |
| zirngan• | Conjunction indicating result or purpose; therefore. (English Translation: so) |
| zisyit• | Terminate (English Translation: to break) |
| zitžal• | A framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air (English Translation: window) |
| zitṇirhek• | Move toward; travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody (English Translation: to come) |
| zišwip• | The world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold (English Translation: market) |
| zolfu• | Be in accord; be in agreement (English Translation: to agree) |
| zonmul• | unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope; ; ; ; ; ; (English Translation: huge) |
| zopsa• | Something that interests you because it is important or affects you (English Translation: concern) |
| zorfuššut• | Stay the same; remain in a certain state (English Translation: to stay) |
| zoryo• | Make reference to (English Translation: to mention) |
| zošxok• | A material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses (English Translation: paper) |
| zukyuš• | The territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation (English Translation: state) |
| zukžungaṭ• | A message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program (English Translation: story) |
| zulhup• | A vaguely specified concern (English Translation: matter) |
| zulnu• | in truth (often tends to intensify) (English Translation: indeed) |
| zupnap• | In the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events (English Translation: now) |
| zurṇat• | Cardinal numeral meaning “six”. (English Translation: six) |
| zuṇo• | A facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose (English Translation: station) |
| šakkabut• | The act or process of producing something (English Translation: production) |
| šalhilnu• | The unlimited expanse in which everything is located (English Translation: space) |
| šarḍun• | Large predatory cat; used for panther or tiger-analogue depending on ecology. Strong symbolic weight: danger; territorial power; prestige; and noble ferocity. (English Translation: lion; tiger; jaguar; large predatory cat) |
| šatrus• | to the opposite side (English Translation: across) |
| šayerṇek• | Possessive determiner marking a noun phrase as belonging to a person or entity. (English Translation: our) |
| šaṭbek• | The members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments (English Translation: firm) |
| šaṭguš• | Money extracted as a penalty (English Translation: fine) |
| šelran• | Universal determiner covering all members of a set. (English Translation: every) |
| šemfaš• | (of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but (English Translation: nearly) |
| šemkeš• | A database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics) (English Translation: list) |
| šensam• | Pass time in a specific way (English Translation: to spend) |
| šepem• | Assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to (English Translation: to name) |
| šeyil• | The time period between dawn and noon (English Translation: morning) |
| šeṭge• | Give an exhibition of to an interested audience (English Translation: to present) |
| šikim• | Round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games (English Translation: ball) |
| šilxem• | In the space separating two; among in relation to two. (English Translation: between) |
| šilšažan• | Equipment for taking photographs (usually consisting of a lightproof box with a lens at one end and light-sensitive film at the other) (English Translation: camera) |
| šilšin• | The part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint (English Translation: foot) |
| šinbem• | Change location; move; travel; or proceed; also metaphorically (English Translation: to go) |
| širhan• | A formally arranged gathering (English Translation: meeting) |
| šismim• | (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively (English Translation: people) |
| šišbeṭ• | Reach a destination; either real or abstract (English Translation: to reach) |
| šokṭos• | A visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect (English Translation: color) |
| šomlo• | An impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning (English Translation: disease) |
| šopyat• | on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always (English Translation: sometimes) |
| šosmas• | Interact in a certain way (English Translation: to treat) |
| šotror• | Accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority (English Translation: to recognize) |
| šošlun• | A separate part of a whole (English Translation: piece) |
| šoṭtan• | A contest with rules to determine a winner (English Translation: game) |
| šulmo• | (criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act (English Translation: crime) |
| šumguš• | The present or immediately coming night (English Translation: tonight) |
| šusxul• | A member of the Republican Party (English Translation: Republican) |
| šutuṭ• | An emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight) (English Translation: fear) |
| šutṇaš• | A particular point in time (English Translation: moment) |
| šuyut• | A human being (English Translation: person) |
| šuško• | A language unit by which a person or thing is known (English Translation: name) |
| žalxip• | An ability that has been acquired by training (English Translation: skill) |
| žar• | Cardinal numeral meaning “three”. (English Translation: three) |
| žargal• | Inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of (English Translation: to live) |
| žarḍeṭ• | Ordinal numeral meaning “third”. (English Translation: third) |
| žefa• | Use one's feet to advance; advance by steps (English Translation: to walk) |
| žefik• | A thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings (English Translation: street) |
| žekdip• | The essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized (English Translation: nature) |
| žekfeṭ• | Let fall to the ground (English Translation: to drop) |
| žemngaṭ• | Earlier than; preceding in time or order. (English Translation: before) |
| žengaš• | A line leading to a place or point (English Translation: direction) |
| ženngepže• | Writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay) (English Translation: writer) |
| ženṭe• | A communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled (English Translation: message) |
| žepkekam• | Any of several international socialist organizations (English Translation: international) |
| žeryek• | A small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle (English Translation: cup) |
| žesga• | An assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business (English Translation: court) |
| žewikžil• | Show a response or a reaction to something (English Translation: to respond) |
| žezam• | Make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen (English Translation: to let) |
| žešgišmiṭ• | Make or cause to be or to become (English Translation: to create) |
| žešhiher• | An event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another (English Translation: change) |
| žešyik• | An item of information that is typical of a class or group (English Translation: example) |
| žešžal• | A mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages (but not the lungs) (English Translation: cold) |
| žikšap• | A young woman (English Translation: girl) |
| žimfiṭ• | During an early stage (English Translation: early) |
| žiplas• | How long something has existed (English Translation: age) |
| žippe• | Someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university (English Translation: professor) |
| žirša• | A space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane) (English Translation: seat) |
| žitnil• | An active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition (English Translation: sport) |
| žoduk• | Stone as building material; worked rock; masonry-stone. More ‘stone used for construction’ than a random pebble. (English Translation: building stone) |
| žonxu• | Poised for action (English Translation: ready) |
| žošgol• | Be successful; achieve a goal (English Translation: to manage) |
| žugol• | Change orientation or direction; also in the abstract sense (English Translation: to turn) |
| žukma• | Healer; traditional medical practitioner; including herbalists; midwives; temple medics; and respected community healers depending on region. In modern usage; it refers to a licensed medical doctor with connotations of great ability or healing powers (English Translation: doctor; healer) |
| žulnguk• | Be a signal for or a symptom of (English Translation: to indicate) |
| žumdop• | People in general considered as a whole (English Translation: public) |
| žutlut• | A worker who holds or is invested with an office (English Translation: official) |
| žutsat• | Any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills (English Translation: fish) |
| ḍalkas• | Any very large body of (salt) water (English Translation: main) |
| ḍanṇu• | A motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine (English Translation: car) |
| ḍarsilker• | A collection of things sharing a common attribute (English Translation: class) |
| ḍašžomfel• | A supporter of democracy; in some contexts; a member of a political party called the Democratic Party (English Translation: Democrat) |
| ḍaḍen• | An area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling (English Translation: room) |
| ḍaṭim• | The state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve and that (when achieved) terminates behavior intended to achieve it (English Translation: goal) |
| ḍekpit• | A mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services (English Translation: store) |
| ḍepbek• | A father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian (English Translation: parent) |
| ḍepxal• | Make by combining materials and parts (English Translation: to build) |
| ḍesheppe• | A vote to select the winner of a position or political office (English Translation: election) |
| ḍikdiš• | A phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon (English Translation: result) |
| ḍikhimman• | Cardinal numeral meaning “ten”. (English Translation: ten) |
| ḍiknas• | Hit with a missile from a weapon (English Translation: to shoot) |
| ḍimkek• | Power to direct or determine (English Translation: control) |
| ḍimṭikbaš• | A professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice (English Translation: lawyer) |
| ḍirir• | A geometric element that has position but no extension (English Translation: point) |
| ḍityeṭ• | A fact about some part (as opposed to general) (English Translation: particular) |
| ḍiṭses• | Exchange thoughts; talk with (English Translation: to talk) |
| ḍodal• | A small piece or quantity of something (English Translation: bit) |
| ḍoksolmam• | A person responsible for the administration of a business (English Translation: executive) |
| ḍokžo• | An architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure (English Translation: wall) |
| ḍokṭeš• | Chain; shackle-chain; also figuratively bondage or constraint. (English Translation: Chain) |
| ḍomṭaš• | A written document describing the findings of some individual or group (English Translation: report) |
| ḍopno• | One of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship (English Translation: church) |
| ḍotrados• | Feel or have a desire for; want strongly (English Translation: to want) |
| ḍottoṭ• | having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured (English Translation: sure) |
| ḍošḍodas• | An iconic mental representation (English Translation: image) |
| ḍoṇus• | A workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communication (English Translation: central) |
| ḍoṭtat• | Move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut (English Translation: to close) |
| ḍukfok• | A possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances (English Translation: chance) |
| ḍukhir• | Heir; consecrated successor; implies recognised legitimacy and succession rites; not merely biological descent. (English Translation: heir) |
| ḍukkom• | Electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds (English Translation: phone) |
| ḍukša• | A sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something (English Translation: interest) |
| ḍulroṭ• | The boundary of a surface (English Translation: edge) |
| ḍum• | A clitic denoting time; its occurance or its passage as a concept (English Translation: time [adjective]) |
| ḍumgutpum• | traditional division used in temple and civic timekeeping; historically treated as a fixed segment of a day; typically 1/8th of the full sidereal day in the standard calendar (English Translation: hour) |
| ḍumxunya• | News; public announcements; information officially or publicly proclaimed (not private gossip) (English Translation: news) |
| ḍuplakmol• | Something superior in quality or condition or effect (English Translation: better) |
| ḍupṭolṭu• | A seat for one person; with a support for the back (English Translation: chair) |
| ḍurfat• | An institution created to conduct business (English Translation: company) |
| ḍuškaṭus• | Earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something (English Translation: effort) |
| ṇakwopžok• | The waging of armed conflict against an enemy (English Translation: war) |
| ṇalṇitiš• | Systematic investigation to establish facts (English Translation: research) |
| ṇamlar• | An earlier section of a written text (English Translation: above) |
| ṇapamtit• | Superlative quantifier indicating the greatest amount/number. (English Translation: most) |
| ṇapbir• | An urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city (English Translation: town) |
| ṇarmekke• | Form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case (English Translation: to imagine) |
| ṇarwe• | of or relating to an economy; the system of production and management of material wealth (English Translation: economic) |
| ṇarḍaptuṭ• | being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition (English Translation: ok) |
| ṇedir• | At a short distance from; close to. (English Translation: near) |
| ṇekkališ• | Modal auxiliary expressing obligation; expectation; or recommendation. (English Translation: should) |
| ṇekpaṭ• | Put into a certain place or abstract location (English Translation: to set) |
| ṇeksipxa• | Modal auxiliary expressing futurity; intention; or prediction. (English Translation: will) |
| ṇekšapris• | The experiencing of affective and emotional states (English Translation: feeling) |
| ṇekži• | Be standing; be upright (English Translation: to stand) |
| ṇemšelxat• | Give money; usually in exchange for goods or services (English Translation: to pay) |
| ṇendišga• | (superlative of `good') having the most positive qualities (English Translation: best) |
| ṇepyak• | A short musical composition with words (English Translation: song) |
| ṇerbir• | In the recent past (English Translation: recently) |
| ṇesrim• | Take in solid food (English Translation: to eat) |
| ṇetkep• | The state of being in effect or being operative (English Translation: operation) |
| ṇešbak• | Exercise authoritative control or power over (English Translation: to control) |
| ṇimgi• | Commodities offered for sale (English Translation: product) |
| ṇimngarza• | A subdivision of a particular kind of thing (English Translation: type) |
| ṇingaš• | important in effect or meaning (English Translation: significant) |
| ṇipfal• | (usually followed by `to') having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something (English Translation: able) |
| ṇipkap• | A piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep (English Translation: bed) |
| ṇipžis• | Proper alignment; the property possessed by something that is in correct or proper alignment (English Translation: true) |
| ṇistas• | A customary way of operation or behavior (English Translation: practice) |
| ṇitha• | Cause to change; make different; cause a transformation (English Translation: to change) |
| ṇithetzi• | Green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass (English Translation: green) |
| ṇokdos• | The state of being free from danger or injury (English Translation: security) |
| ṇoktul• | Later than; following in time or order. (English Translation: after) |
| ṇolyur• | In or at this place; where the speaker or writer is (English Translation: here) |
| ṇomngu• | of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity (English Translation: various) |
| ṇomnut• | Broadcasting visual images of stationary or moving objects (English Translation: television) |
| ṇonbosḍu• | A phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon (English Translation: effect) |
| ṇoswol• | A word or expression used for some particular thing (English Translation: term) |
| ṇotdanwan• | A possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances (English Translation: opportunity) |
| ṇošḍa• | Concerning; regarding; approximately. (English Translation: about) |
| ṇuguṭ• | A series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished (English Translation: program) |
| ṇunmu• | An interconnected system of things or people (English Translation: network) |
| ṇunpan• | Pertaining to or of the nature of a union of states under a central government distinct from the individual governments of the separate states(English Translation: federal) |
| ṇunšam• | A quantity of no importance (English Translation: nothing) |
| ṇuphol• | Medium for communication (English Translation: radio) |
| ṇuphoš• | Require as useful; just; or proper (English Translation: to need) |
| ṇupšas• | The distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech (English Translation: voice) |
| ṇuskoṭ• | Make something new; such as a product or a mental or artistic creation (English Translation: to develop) |
| ṇušžu• | A person with special knowledge or ability who performs skillfully (English Translation: expert) |
| ṇužumpak• | The practical application of science to commerce or industry (English Translation: technology) |
| ṇuṭduk• | Any person at all; an unspecified person. (English Translation: anyone) |
| ṭaklaknen• | Carry out (English Translation: to take) |
| ṭandam• | A substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic (English Translation: drug) |
| ṭapke• | The part of the body between the neck and the upper arm (English Translation: shoulder) |
| ṭatšem• | Bring forth or yield (English Translation: to produce) |
| ṭazep• | Examine so as to determine accuracy; quality; or condition (English Translation: to check) |
| ṭaṭpap• | Installation from which a military force initiates operations (English Translation: base) |
| ṭekšur• | Revolution; great turning upheaval; a system-flip. (English Translation: Revolution) |
| ṭekṇit• | Meaning of English “else”. (English Translation: else) |
| ṭelhes• | A base hit on which the batter stops safely at first base (English Translation: single) |
| ṭenwes• | Meaning of English “everybody”. (English Translation: everybody) |
| ṭepde• | A reserve of money set aside for some purpose (English Translation: fund) |
| ṭepka• | Establish after a calculation; investigation; experiment; survey; or study (English Translation: to determine) |
| ṭerkaṭ• | Any specific behavior (English Translation: activity) |
| ṭessan• | The content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about (English Translation: thought) |
| ṭimšer• | Relating to democracy or to democratic forms of government; favouring equality and popular participation (English Translation: democratic) |
| ṭingak• | Fail to do something; leave something undone (English Translation: to fail) |
| ṭiniḍir• | Sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) (English Translation: bank) |
| ṭipxen• | Keep in a certain state; position; or activity (English Translation: to keep) |
| ṭirgar• | of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors (English Translation: cultural) |
| ṭoksut• | A fact about some part (as opposed to general) (English Translation: specific) |
| ṭorṭokwot• | A male human offspring (English Translation: son) |
| ṭotbar• | A fact that has been verified (English Translation: truth) |
| ṭuk• | Cardinal numeral meaning “four”. (English Translation: four) |
| ṭunwaṭ• | To be seated; to take a seated position (English Translation: to sit) |
| ṭunžus• | used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning (English Translation: hot) |
| ṭupžalor• | by chance (English Translation: perhaps) |
| ṭusšon• | Interjection expressing the discourse function of English “oh”. (English Translation: oh) |
| ṭusžup• | With considerable certainty; without much doubt (English Translation: probably) |
| ṭuṭbosbur• | Consider or hold as true (English Translation: to accept) |