Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
21 consonants
12 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | ɖ | · | kg | · | · | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | · | · | · | · | · | |||||||||
| Fricative | · | f | s | ʒ | · | · | · | χʁ | ħ | |||||||||
| Affricate | · | · | · | tʃdʒ | · | · | · | · | · | |||||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | · | ɥ | w | · | · | |||||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | · | · | |||||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | iy | · | u |
| Close-mid | eø | · | o |
| Mid | · | ə | · |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | ɔ |
| Open | aɶ | · | ɑ |
Syllable Structure
CV(V)Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 281 transcribed dictionary entries (999 total tokens)
/u/
88 (8.8%)
/s/
69 (6.9%)
/a/
62 (6.2%)
/o/
60 (6%)
/ɖ/
60 (6%)
/ʁ/
53 (5.3%)
/k/
49 (4.9%)
/i/
47 (4.7%)
/ɔ̃/
46 (4.6%)
/ʒ/
46 (4.6%)
/j/
40 (4%)
/n/
34 (3.4%)
/t/
34 (3.4%)
/e/
33 (3.3%)
/ɛ̃/
28 (2.8%)
/b/
26 (2.6%)
/ɛ/
25 (2.5%)
/wa/
24 (2.4%)
/ø/
21 (2.1%)
/ɶ/
19 (1.9%)
/f/
19 (1.9%)
/l/
15 (1.5%)
/m/
15 (1.5%)
/p/
12 (1.2%)
/ɥ/
11 (1.1%)
/y/
11 (1.1%)
/ɔ/
10 (1%)
/ɑ̃/
10 (1%)
/wi/
9 (0.9%)
/w/
8 (0.8%)