Grammatical cases

Azbian uses an interesting set of 29 cases, as listed below:

Nominative (Who? What?)

Genitive (Whose?)

Absent-Genitive (No of?)

Dative (To whom? To what?)

Accusative (Whom? What?)

Instrumental ((writing) With what?)

Prepositional (About whom? About What/Where?)

Locative (At?)

Comitative (Together with?)

Prolative (Through/across who? Through/across what?)

Prolative (Through/across whose? Through/across "what's"?)

Allative (Towards who? Towards what?)

Allative-possessive (Towards whose? Towards "what's"?)

Ablative (Away from who? Away from what?)

Ablative-possessive (Away from whose? Away from "what's"?)

Illative (Into who? Into what?)

Illative-possessive (Into whose? Into "what's"?)

Elative (Out of who? Out of what?)

Elative-possessive (Out of whose? Out of "what's"?)

Inessive (Inside who? Inside what?)

Inessive-possessive (Inside whose? Inside "what's"?)

Caritive (Without who? Without what?)

Caritive-possessive (Without whose? Without "what's'?)

Superessive (On top of who? On top of what?)

Superessive-possessive (On top of whose? On top of "what's"?)

Subessive (Under who? Under what?)

Subessive-possessive (Under whose? Under "what's"?)

Essive (As what? In what state? As who?)

Translative (Into what? Becoming what? Into who? Becoming Who?)

Similative (Like who? Like what?)

Now we will go through each case separately.

For this example we will use the nouns:

Dem (house)

Om (man)

Terme (car)

Along with some other sentences.

Nominative

The Nominative case, adds nothing to a word, it answers the questions "who?" and "what?"

Example: Kis? Om. Kiţ? Dem. (Who? Man. What? House.)

Dative

The Dative case, adds the -e suffix, and marks the giving of object(s), it answers the questions "(give) to who?" and "(give) to what?"

Examples:

Az emal det ome. (I give a man an apple) (gloss: I apple give man[DTV])

Az mära voudja tajke. (I apply grease to the pipe) (gloss: I apply/add grease pipe[DTV])

Genitive

The Genitive case, adds the -a suffix when the word ends with a consonant, or a -la when the word ends with a vowel, and marks the possession of object(s), it answers the question "whose?"

Examples:

Dem Marka (Mark's house) (gloss: House Mark[GEN])

Dem Mariala (Maria's house) (gloss: House Maria[GEN])

Absent-Genitive

The Absent-Genitive case, splits into two categories, material and possessive, the material one answers for when someone is absent, for example "Mark isn't here", it adds the -oa suffix when the word ends with a consonant, or a -loa when the word ends with a vowel, and marks the absence of object(s) at a location, it is used when someone is missing, meanwhile the possessive one answers for when something is missing from possession, for example "The apples aren't here/are missing", and uses the -ora and -lora suffixes. (NOTE: the -y suffix is used to mark plurality, and always appears last.).

Examples:

Markoa ozda (Mark isn't here) (gloss: Mark[ABG] here)

Emaloray ozda (The apples aren't here) (gloss: Apple[ABG][PL(plural)] here)