Verb Declension
3 min read · 563 words
Using the Ferian verb isére (to be).
Person / Tense | Present Simple | Past Simple | Future Simple |
|---|---|---|---|
Ia (I) | Se | Sié | Seí |
Ti (You [singular]) | Ses | Siés | Seís |
Hi/Ri/Li/Le (He/She/They [singular]/It) | Set | Siét | Seít |
Mi (Us) | Sémi | Siémi | Seími |
Vi (You [plural]) | Sévi | Siévi | Seívi |
Lis/Les (They [animate]/They [inanimate]) | Sen | Sién | Seín |
Use for simple: Relatively standard. Actions that take place in a defined sphere of time. Note that, due to differentiated endings along verbs, pronouns can often be dropped.
Note: in all cases where no accent is marked, in verbs with multiple syllables, the accent falls on the last E. See below.
Ia papáv ashé. (I buy a poppy.)
Ri a naukdóm giét. (She went to school.)
Lis trimángi mangeín. (They will eat dinner.)
Person / Tense | Past-to-Past Continuous | Past-to-Present Continuous | Present-to-Future Continuous | Future-to-Future Continuous |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ia | Sié isére | Se isére | Seí isére | Selí isére |
Ti | Siés isére | Ses isére | Seís isére | Selís isére |
Hi/Ri/Li/Le | Siét isére | Set isére | Seít isére | Selít isére |
Mi | Siémi isére | Sémi isére | Seími isére | Selími isére |
Vi | Siévi isére | Sévi isére | Seívi isére | Selívi isére |
Lis/Les | Sién isére | Sen isére | Seín isére | Selín isére |
Use for continuous: Any time an action "flows" between times. Past-to-past continuous tends to denote something that occurred before another action in past tense; future-to-future continuous tends to denotes something that will happen before another action in future tense. Past-to-future events take past-to-present continuous terms.
Note: the conjugation of isére is required - only the infinitive changes. See below.
Ri primángi siét imangére, puís ri a naukdóm giét. (She ate breakfast, then she went to school.)
Ia quó naukór se irabére. (I work as a teacher.) (Note how the action spans between past and present. In Ferian, long-term commitments such as work take past-to-present continuous.)
Mi prohéta niktág seími iterminére. (We will finish the project tomorrow.)
Hi quó naukór selít irabére, puís mureít. (He will work as a teacher, then he will die.) (Note how here, the action starts in the future - the person in question here is not yet employed as a teacher.)
Person / Tense | Present Imperative | Past Imperative | Future Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
Ia | Seá | Sieá | Seía |
Ti | Seás | Sieás | Seías |
Hi/Ri/Li/Le | Seát | Sieát | Seíat |
Mi | Seámi | Sieámi | Seíami |
Vi | Seávi | Sieávi | Seíavi |
Lis/Les | Seán | Sieán | Seían |
Use for imperatives: When commanding something be done, when commanding oneself to do something. Imperative in the first person often symbolizes drive to do something - almost like a promise. Imperative in the past tense generally symbolizes something that should have been done.
Ti con ri termineás. (You must end with her.) (Along the lines of "You need to break up with her".)
Vi drimángi na ashieávi, mi na mangémi. (You did not buy lunch, now we cannot eat.) (Along the lines of "You were supposed to buy lunch and you did not".)
Ia prohéta fereía. (I will do the project.) (Along the lines of "I absolutely will get this done for you".)
Person / Tense | Present Irreal | Past Irreal | Future Irreal |
|---|---|---|---|
Ia | Sa | Siá | Saí |
Ti | Sas | Siás | Saís |
Hi/Ri/Li/Le | Sat | Siát | Saít |
Mi | Sámi | Siámi | Saími |
Vi | Sávi | Siávi | Saívi |
Lis/Les | Sán | Sián | Saín |
Use for irreal: Any time something is uncertain. This can be used for reported speech, for things that are unsure to happen, items of that nature. Also used for things such as dreams and wishes. Can also express doubt whether something is happening.
Papávan grenán. (The poppies are growing.) (Implies doubt as to whether the poppies are actually growing.)
Hi diét, hi a naukdóm giát. (He said, he went to school.) (Implies the speaker does not know this as fact. Dropping the "he said" part leads to a similar result - the speaker says he went to school, but does not know whether he actually did.)
Ia loterín gagnaí. (I wish to win the lottery.) (Implies this is uncertain to happen.)
Person / Tense | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Ia | |||
Ti | |||
Hi/Ri/Li/Le | |||
Mi | |||
Vi | |||
Lis/Les |
Use for X:
Generally, adjectives can be formed from verbs by adding the ending -ant.
Iamére (to love), for instance, turns into ámant, such as pax ámant (lovely peace).