Morphological patterns, declensions, and conjugations for 토키핀부
| Present (Simple)* | Present (Immediat) | Habituel/Infinite | Past (Near) | Past (Far) | Futur (Near) | Future (Far) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative (Plain) | -시 /-이시 | -링 /-이링 | -기니 /-이기니 | -타 /-이타 | -타새 /-이타새 | -래 /-이래 | -래새 /-이래새 |
| Indicative (Positive) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Indicative (Negative) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Subjunctive (Plain) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Subjunctive (Positive) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Subjunctive (Negative) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Imperative (Weak) | -십타 /-이십타 | - | — | — | — | — | — |
| Imperative (Strong) | -십타샣 /-이십타샣 | - | - | — | — | — | — |
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| After Consonants(Front Vowels) | -이 | -이니 |
| After Vowels(Front Vowels) | -히 | -히니 |
| After Consonants(Back Vowels) | -우 | -우노 |
| After Vowels(Back Vowels) | -후 | -후노 |
| Singular(Front Vowels) | Plural(Front Vowels) | Singular(Back Vowels) | Plural(Back Vowels) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | 침 | 침니 | 춤 | 춤노 |
| Accusative | 빔 | 빔니 | 붐 | 붐노 |
| Dative | 닣림 | 닣림니 | 눟룸 | 눟룸노 |
| Genitive | 팃미 | 팃미니 | 툿모 | 툿모노 |
| Locative | 림 | 림니 | 룸 | 룸노 |
| Instrumental | 밑미 | 밑미니 | 뭍모 | 뭍모노 |
| Singular(Front Vowels) | Plural(Front Vowels) | Singular(Back Vowels) | Plural(Back Vowels) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | 치재 | 치재니 | 추저 | 추저노 |
| Accusative | 비재 | 비재니 | 부저 | 부저노 |
| Dative | 닐재 | 닐재니 | 눌저 | 눌저노 |
| Genitive | 티재 | 티재니 | 투저 | 투저노 |
| Locative | 리재 | 리재니 | 루저 | 루저노 |
| Instrumental | 밑재 | 밑재니 | 뭍저 | 뭍저노 |
| Singular(Front Vowels) | Plural(Front Vowels) | Singular(Back Vowels) | Plural(Back Vowels) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | 치타 | 치타니 | 추토 | 추토노 |
| Accusative | 비타 | 비타니 | 부토 | 부토노 |
| Dative | 닣랕 | 닣랕니 | 눟롵 | 눟롵노 |
| Genitive | 팃타 | 팃타니 | 툿토 | 툿토노 |
| Locative | 리타 | 리타니 | 루토 | 루토노 |
| Instrumental | 미탙 | 미탙니 | 무톹 | 무톹노 |
| New refrent | Given refrent | |
|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Used for introduceing a new referent | Used for referring to an unknown subset of known group |
| Definite | Used for introducing an identifiable but new refrent | Used for referring to an previously established refrent (anaphoric) |
| New referent | Given refrent | |
|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | I saw A MAN, the man was big. | I saw men, ONE MAN comes over. |
| Definite | Can you see THIS MAN over there? | I saw a man, THE MAN was big. |
| Singular(Front Vowels) | Plural(Front Vowels) | Singular(Back Vowels) | Plural(Back Vowels) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | 치 | 치니 | 추 | 추노 |
| Accusative | 비 | 비니 | 부 | 부노 |
| Dative | 닣리 | 닣리니 | 눟루 | 눟루노 |
| Genitive | 팃 | 팃니 | 툿 | 툿노 |
| Locative | 리 | 리니 | 루 | 루노 |
| Instrumental | 밑 | 밑니 | 뭍 | 뭍노 |