Paradigm Tables
Morphological patterns, declensions, and conjugations for Lerrebeth
Characters
Dessin → Masculine
Coles → Masculine
Ariman → Masculine
Androssia → Feminine
Della → Feminine
Tirama → Feminine
| IPA | Gender | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dessin | /des.in/ | Masculine | Masculine personal name. |
| Coles | /ko.les/ | Masculine | Masculine personal name. |
| Ariman | /a.ri.man/ | Masculine | Masculine personal name. |
| Androssia | /an.dro.si.a/ | Feminine | Feminine personal name. |
| Della | /del.la/ | Feminine | Feminine personal name. |
| Tirama | /ti.ra.ma/ | Feminine | Feminine personal name. |
3rd-Person Reflexive Pronoun
tiehair + saret → tiehairsaret
tiehair = them, 3SG
-saret = -self
tiebrat + sarhint → tiebratsarhint
tiebrat = them, two
-sarhint = -selves
tieterhand + sarhint → tieterhandsarhint
tieterhand = them, few
-sarhint = -selves
tiephin + sarhint → tiephinsarhint
tiephin = them, plural
-sarhint = -selves
| English semantic gloss | Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|---|
| 3SG | themself | tiehairsaret |
| 3DU | themselves — two | tiebratsarhint |
| 3PAUC | themselves — few | tieterhandsarhint |
| 3PL | themselves — plural | tiephinsarhint |
2nd-Person Reflexive Pronoun
doure + saret → douresaret
doure = your, 2SG
-saret = -self
toure + sarhint → touresarhint
toure = your, 2DU
-sarhint = -selves
foure + sarhint → fouresarhint
foure = your, 2PAUC
-sarhint = -selves
houre + sarhint → houresarhint
houre = your, 2PL
-sarhint = -selves
| English semantic gloss | Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|---|
| 2SG | yourself | douresaret |
| 2DU | yourselves — two | touresarhint |
| 2PAUC | yourselves — few | fouresarhint |
| 2PL | yourselves — plural | houresarhint |
1st-Person Reflexive Pronoun
middes + saret → middessaret
middes = my
-saret = -self
For the non-singular forms:
mirdos + sarhint → mirdossarhint
morrdos + sarhint → morrdossarhint
merdos + sarhint → merdossarhint
marrtres + sarhint → marrtressarhint
merrdos + sarhint → merrdossarhint
Here:
-saret = singular reflexive “-self”
-sarhint = non-singular reflexive “-selves”
| Inclusivity | English semantic gloss | Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1SG | — | myself | middessaret |
| 1DU | Inclusive | ourselves — two | mordossarhint |
| 1DU | Exclusive | ourselves — two | mirdossarhint |
| 1PAUC | Inclusive | ourselves — few | morrdossarhint |
| 1PAUC | Exclusive | ourselves — few | merdossarhint |
| 1PL | Inclusive | ourselves — plural | marrtressarhint |
| 1PL | Exclusive | ourselves — plural | merrdossarhint |
3rd-Person Personal Pronoun
Third person has no inclusive/exclusive distinction.
That distinction remains restricted to the first-person system.
Number is distinguished as singular, dual, paucal, and plural.
Gender is currently distinguished only in the third-person singular, with masculine, feminine, and neuter forms. This is typologically quite ordinary; gender distinctions are especially common in third-person singular pronouns.
The non-singular forms do not currently distinguish gender.
Tierre is the basic third-person plural pronoun, while tierre tervenre and tierre ferhan explicitly specify dual and paucal quantity.
Tierre therefore functions as the base third-person plural form rather than being merely an abbreviation of the longer constructions.
| Gender / specification | Lemma | Gloss | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | ye | he | Refers to one third-person masculine referent. |
| Singular | Feminine | yeme | she | Refers to one third-person feminine referent. |
| Singular | Neuter | tie | it | Refers to one third-person neuter referent. |
| Dual | Group | tierre tervenre | they two | Refers to exactly two third-person referents. |
| Paucal | Group | tierre ferhan | they few | Refers to a small group of third-person referents. |
| Plural | Group | tierre | they | Refers to multiple third-person referents. |
2nd-Person Personal Pronoun
No 2nd-person inclusive/exclusive distinction.
Clusivity is restricted to the first-person system.
Number distinctions: singular, dual, paucal, and plural.
Hergive is an additional politeness distinction, not another number category. A polite second-person pronoun can be independent of number in natural-language systems.
rotese / assic are currently distinguished by reference context, rather than by number.
tervenre supplies the dual meaning, ferhan supplies the paucal meaning, and mustry supplies the plural meaning.
The system therefore does not need artificial forms such as 2DU.INCL or 2PL.EXCL. Those distinctions simply aren't part of Lerrebeth's second-person paradigm.
| Number | Meaning | Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2SG | Singular | you — referring to the addressee itself | rotese |
| 2SG | Singular | you — referring to that addressee | assic |
| 2DU | Dual | you two | rotese tervenre |
| 2PAUC | Paucal | you few | assic ferhan |
| 2PL | Plural | you many | assic mustry |
| Honorific | formal | you — honorific / formality | hergive |
1st-Person Personal Pronoun Paradigm
FIRST PERSON
SG
oi — speaker itself
it — that speaker
DU
INCL: eregen
EXCL: aragen
PAUC
INCL: daragon
EXCL: conogon
PL
INCL: ogwent
EXCL: obient
| Number | Clusivity | Meaning | Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Singular | — | I — referring to the speaker itself | oi |
| 1st | Singular | — | I — referring to that speaker | it |
| 1st | Dual | Inclusive | we two — speaker + addressee | eregen |
| 1st | Dual | Exclusive | we two — speaker + other person, excluding addressee | aragen |
| 1st | Paucal | Inclusive | we few — speaker + addressee + a few others | daragon |
| 1st | Paucal | Exclusive | we few — speaker + a few others, excluding addressee | conogon |
| 1st | Plural | Inclusive | we — speaker + addressee + others | ogwent |
| 1st | Plural | Exclusive | we — speaker + others, excluding addressee | obient |
Lerrebeth Interrogative Determiner
The Lerrebeth interrogative determiner system distinguishes interrogative meanings that English commonly expresses with overlapping forms such as what, which, how many, and how much. Rather than relying on a single generalized interrogative determiner, Lerrebeth uses distinct lexical forms and productive constructions to distinguish identity, type, unspecified reference, quantity, number, possession, selection, specificity, and contrast.
The system also contains recurring constructional patterns. weists forms selection-based constructions such as weists'ta hant “which one,” weists'ta hanre “which ones,” weists pen'parrecaliteer “which particular,” and weists ane'redes “which other.” wagues forms wagues ane'redes “what other.” Quantitative interrogatives use Hawd're followed by a quantitative determiner, producing Hawd're elatso “how many,” Hawd're moutte “how much,” Hawd're ferhan “how few,” and Hawd're Liettne “how little.” Other expanded constructions include wheigse men'keredaught “what kind of,” wheigse men'seremaught “what sort of,” wheigse men'tierrete “what type of,” eietslo men'qeremenient “what quantity of,” and weysen men'namerrintte “what number of.”
These forms are treated as members of the interrogative determiner paradigm/constructional system, while retaining their individual lexical entries and semantic distinctions.
| Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|
| which | weists |
| what — identity | wenine |
| what — type/kind | weig |
| what — unspecified entity | wagues |
| what — quantity | eietslo |
| what — number | weysen |
| whose | woniant |
| which one | weists'ta hant |
| which ones | weists'ta hanre |
| what kind of | weigse men'keredaught |
| what sort of | weigse men'seremaught |
| what type of | weigse men'tierrete |
| how many | Hawd're elatso |
| how much | Hawd're moutte |
| how few | Hawd're ferhan |
| how little | Hawd're Liettne |
| which particular | weists pen'parrecaliteer |
| which other | weists ane'redes |
| what other | wagues ane'redes |
| what quantity of | eietslo men'qeremenient |
| what number of | weysen men'namerrintte |
3rd-Person Possessive Determiners
The Lerrebeth 3rd-person possessive determiner system distinguishes three genders in the singular: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Non-singular possessors are instead distinguished by number, comprising dual, paucal, and plural. Inclusive and exclusive distinctions are absent from the 3rd-person paradigm, as these categories apply specifically to 1st-person reference. All six forms function as possessive determiners and precede the possessed noun.
| 3PL | Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|---|
| 3SG.MASC | his | Beirshen |
| 3SG.FEM | her | heirshen |
| 3SG.NEUT | its | Heis |
| 3DU | their | Desseinor |
| 3PAUC | their | Besseinor |
| 3PL | their | Cessesinor |
2nd-Person Possessive Determiners
The Lerrebeth interrogative determiner system distinguishes interrogative meanings that English commonly expresses with overlapping forms such as what, which, how many, and how much. Rather than relying on a single generalized interrogative determiner, Lerrebeth uses distinct lexical forms and productive constructions to distinguish identity, type, unspecified reference, quantity, number, possession, selection, specificity, and contrast.
The system also contains recurring constructional patterns. weists forms selection-based constructions such as weists'ta hant “which one,” weists'ta hanre “which ones,” weists pen'parrecaliteer “which particular,” and weists ane'redes “which other.” wagues forms wagues ane'redes “what other.” Quantitative interrogatives use Hawd're followed by a quantitative determiner, producing Hawd're elatso “how many,” Hawd're moutte “how much,” Hawd're ferhan “how few,” and Hawd're Liettne “how little.” Other expanded constructions include wheigse men'keredaught “what kind of,” wheigse men'seremaught “what sort of,” wheigse men'tierrete “what type of,” eietslo men'qeremenient “what quantity of,” and weysen men'namerrintte “what number of.”
These forms are treated as members of the interrogative determiner paradigm/constructional system, while retaining their individual lexical entries and semantic distinctions.
| Meaning | Lerrebeth | |
|---|---|---|
| 2SG | your | Doure |
| 2DU | your | Toure |
| 2PAU | your | Foure |
| 2PL | your | Houre |
1st Person Possessive Determiners
Lerrebeth first-person possessive determiners distinguish the number of possessors and, for non-singular possessors, whether the addressee is included or excluded. The singular form middes refers to possession by the speaker alone. Dual forms refer to exactly two possessors, paucal forms to a small group, and plural forms to a larger group. Exclusive forms exclude the addressee, while inclusive forms include the addressee.
| Number | Clusivity | Lerrebeth | English | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1SG | Singular | — | middes | my |
| 1DU | Dual | Exclusive | mirdos | our |
| 1DU | Dual | Inclusive | mordos | our |
| 1PAUC | Paucal | Exclusive | merdos | our |
| 1PAUC | Paucal | Inclusive | morrdos | our |
| 1PL | Plural | Exclusive | merrdos | our |
| 1PL | Plural | Inclusive | marrtres | our |