Paradigm Tables

Shows the main Neruañ clause patterns: body-state clauses, manual actions, need-driven clauses, speech, thought, and responsibility marking. Use this as the overview table for syntax.

Explains how Neruañ replaces ordinary person pronouns with body-part agents, plus a small deictic system for pointing to speaker, addressee, and third persons.

Gives the core body agents and their usual semantic domains: doing, needing, speaking, breathing, thinking, moving, and seeing.

Marks deliberate responsibility when the whole person, rather than a body part, is treated as accountable for an action.

Shows how body agents are possessed or anchored to a speaker, addressee, named person, distal person, or group.

Covers the small reference words used for pointing to people in discourse. These support reference tracking, while body agents still carry agency.

Shows how nouns are marked for count, group, paired, distributive, and mass readings.

Lists postpositions used for possession, location, motion, instrument, accompaniment, topic, and boundary relations.

Shows spatial and discourse demonstratives: near speaker, near addressee, visible distal, absent distal, and interrogative.

Gives the order of verbal material in Neruañ, from root and derivation through aspect, mood, directionals, negation, evidential particles, and clause-linking clitics.

Shows how the verb mòna changes under neutral, ongoing, completed, habitual, beginning, continuing, and resultative readings.

Covers clause force and possibility: statements, commands, prohibitions, duties, ability, unreal situations, and wishes.

Lists particles that show how the speaker knows something: seeing, hearing, inference, report, memory, or informal unmarked speech.

Tracks whether a following clause keeps the same body-agent, changes subject, keeps the same possessor, stays within the same group, or shifts topic.

Separates ordinary negation from past non-occurrence, prohibitions, inability, denial of reports, and corrective denial.

Gives Neruañ’s terrain-based motion system, especially uphill, downhill, across-slope, settlementward, outward, and ridge-following movement.

Shows suffixes that derive places, tools, people, communities, substances, and edges from base roots.

Shows how verbs are expanded for causing, applying to an object or beneficiary, reciprocal action, reflexive/body-internal action, weaker action, and stronger action.

Lists linkers for continuing a clause chain, changing subjects, giving cause, marking contrast, timing events, and separating reported speech.

Covers yes/no questions, content questions, reason questions, focus, contrastive focus, and quoted questions.

Explains how Neruañ handles loan phonemes and clusters, especially sounds associated with Kendusyn and Igniazi Bitiasau loans.

Shows regular stress placement, effects of long vowels, suffixation, reduced vowels, older lexical stress, and loanword stress.

Gives complete sample clauses for eating, including ongoing, completed, inferred, deliberate, negative, future, prohibitive, and reported readings.

Gives sample motion clauses using mountain-path directionals and body-agent movement syntax.

Gives sample clauses for speaking, hearing one’s own speech, thinking, remembering, reported error, and accepting responsibility for speech.