Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

23 consonants
5 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarRetroflexPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosive
pb
·
td
·
ʈ
·
kg
·
Nasal
m
·
n
·
·
ɲ
ŋ
·
Trill
·
·
r
·
·
·
·
·
Fricative
·
fv
sz
ʃʒ
·
·
ɣ
h
Approximant
·
·
·
·
·
j
w
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
l
·
·
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Close-mid
e
··
Open-mid··
ɔ
Open
a
··

Syllable Structure

(C)V

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 358 transcribed dictionary entries (1,575 total tokens)

/a/
317 (20.1%)
/i/
217 (13.8%)
/u/
169 (10.7%)
/k/
127 (8.1%)
/e/
81 (5.1%)
/b/
67 (4.3%)
/s/
61 (3.9%)
/h/
55 (3.5%)
/d/
54 (3.4%)
/n/
52 (3.3%)
/m/
50 (3.2%)
/w/
47 (3%)
/r/
41 (2.6%)
/f/
40 (2.5%)
/l/
37 (2.3%)
/j/
37 (2.3%)
/ɔ/
25 (1.6%)
/p/
22 (1.4%)
/z/
22 (1.4%)
//
14 (0.9%)
/ŋ/
11 (0.7%)
/v/
10 (0.6%)
//
9 (0.6%)
/ʈ/
4 (0.3%)
/g/
3 (0.2%)
/ɣ/
2 (0.1%)
//
1 (0.1%)