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The Letters are done!

The manSeptember 6, 2026

this is the list:

  • A • [a] • Like the "a" in "father" (standard open front vowel).

  • À • [æ] • Like the "a" in "cat".

  • Á • [a:] • A long, drawn-out "father" sound.

  • Â • [ɒ] • Like the "o" in British "not" (rounded back vowel).

  • Ã • [ã] • A nasalized "a", like the "an" in French "élan".

  • Ä • [ɛ] • Like the "e" in "met".

  • Æ • [e] • Like the "e" in "hey" (without the "y" glide at the end).

  • Ā • [e:] • A long, drawn-out "hey" sound.

  • Ă • [ʌ] • Like the "u" in "but".

  • Ą • [ɔ̃] • A nasalized "o", like the "on" in French "bon".

  • B • [b] • Like the "b" in "bed".

  • C • [ts] • Like the "ts" in "cats".

  • Ć • [tɕ] • A sharp, soft "ch" sound, like the "ć" in Polish "ćma".

  • Ĉ • [tʃʰ] • An explosive "ch" sound spoken with a strong puff of air.

  • Ċ • [kʰ] • A standard, crisp "k" with a puff of air.

  • Č • [q͡χ] • A deep throat "k" that immediately clicks into a harsh throat-clearing scratch.

  • D • [d] • Like the "d" in "dog".

  • Ď • [ɟ] • A soft, palatalized "d", like the "d" in "during" (British pronunciation) or Czech "ď".

  • Đ • [ð] • Like the voiced "th" in "father".

  • E • [ɪ] • Like the "i" in "pin".

  • È • [ə] • Like the "a" in "about" (the standard neutral schwa).

  • É • [i:] • A long, drawn-out "see" sound.

  • Ê • [ɜ:] • Like the "ur" in "nurse" (British r-drop).

  • Ĕ • [e̞] • A very short, crisp "e" that sounds like the first vowel in "bet".

  • Ė • [ɛ̃] • A nasalized "e", like the "in" in French "vin".

  • Ę • [ẽ] • A nasalized "ey" sound.

  • Ě • [je] • A blended "yeh" sound, like the "ye" in "yes".

  • Ə • [ɐ] • A low schwa sound, like the "u" in the English "nut".

  • F • [f] • Like the "f" in "fox".

  • G • [ɡ] • Like the hard "g" in "go".

  • Ĝ • [dʒ] • Like the "j" in "giggle" or "judge".

  • Ğ • [ɣ] • A soft, voiced throat sound (like the Spanish "g" in "amigo").

  • Ġ • [ɣʷ] • The same throat sound as above, but spoken with rounded lips (like a throat-w).

  • H • [h] • Like the "h" in "hat".

  • Ĥ • [x] • A harsh throat sound, like the "ch" in Scottish "loch" or German "bach".

  • Ħ • [ħ] • A harsh, unvoiced sighing throat sound found in Arabic.

  • I • [i] • Like the "ee" in "meet".

  • Í • [y:] • A long, drawn-out version of the German "über" sound.

  • Î • [ʏ] • A shorter, relaxed version of the German "über" sound.

  • Ï • [ɨ] • A central "i" sound, like the "i" in a heavily stylized pronunciation of "roses" or Russian "ы".

  • Ĩ • [ĩ] • A nasalized "ee" sound.

  • Ī • [i::] • An ultra-long, dramatic "ee" sound.

  • Į • [ḭ] • A creaky-voice "ee" sound (spoken with a tight throat, like "vocal fry").

  • İ • [i̥] • A whispered, unvoiced "ee" sound.

  • IJ • [æɪ] • A diphthong, sounding exactly like the word "eye".

  • J • [ʒ] • Like the "s" in "treasure" or "g" in French "genre".

  • K • [k] • Like the "k" in "kick".

  • Ķ • [q] • A "k" sound made much further back in the throat (a uvular stop).

  • L • [l] • Like the "l" in "light".

  • Ĺ • [ʎ] • A soft, liquid "ly" sound, like the "ll" in Spanish "tortilla".

  • Ļ • [ɬ] • A breathless "l" sound made by blowing air past the sides of your tongue (Welsh "ll").

  • Ľ • [ɮ] • A voiced version of the breathless Welsh "ll" sound.

  • Ŀ • [ɫ] • A dark, heavy "l" sound, like the "ll" in "ball".

  • Ł • [lʷ] • uhhhhhh

  • M • [m] • Like the "m" in "map".

  • N • [n] • Like the "n" in "net".

  • Ñ • [ɲ] • A soft "ny" sound, like the "ñ" in Spanish "mañana".

  • Ń • [ŋ] • Like the "ng" in "sing".

  • Ņ • [ɳ] • A retroflex "n" made with the tip of your tongue curled backward touching the roof of your mouth.

  • Ň • [ɴ] • A deep, resonant "n" sound made at the very back of the throat.

  • ʼn • [ⁿn] • A pre-nasalized quick burst before a standard "n".

  • Ŋ • [ŋg] • A combined "ng-g" sound, like in the word "finger".

  • O • [o] • Like the "o" in "vote" (without the "w" glide at the end).

  • Ò • [ɔ] • Like the "o" in "fort".

  • Ô • [o:] • A long, drawn-out "vote" sound.

  • Õ • [õ] • A nasalized "o" sound.

  • Ö • [ø] • A clean German "ö" sound.

  • Ō • [u:] • A long, drawn-out "boot" sound.

  • Ŏ • [ŏ] • An ultra-short, clipped "o" sound.

  • Ő • [ø:] • A long, drawn-out German "ö" sound.

  • Ø • [œ] • A short, open German "ö" sound, like in "göttlich".

  • Œ • [œ:] • A long version of the short, open German "ö".

  • P • [p] • Like the "p" in "pin".

  • Q • [tʃ] • Like the "ch" in "chair".

  • R • [ɾ] • A single-tap "r", like the "tt" in the American pronunciation of "butter" or Spanish single "r".

  • Ŕ • [r] • A fully rolled, trilled "r", like in Spanish "perro".

  • Ŗ • [ʀ] • A French-style throat "r" (uvular trill).

  • Ř • [r̝] • A rolled "r" mixed simultaneously with a "zh" sound (the unique Czech letter).

  • S • [s] • Like the "s" in "sit".

  • Ś • [ɕ] • A very soft, high-pitched "sh" sound (found in Polish "ś").

  • Ŝ • [ʃ] • Like the standard "sh" in "shoe".

  • Ş • [ʂ] • A heavy "sh" sound made with the tongue curled backward (retroflex).

  • Š • [sᶣ] • An "sh" sound spoken with aggressively rounded, whistling lips.

  • ß • [ss] • An intensely sharp, elongated "s" sound.

  • T • [t] • Like the "t" in "top".

  • Ţ • [ðθ] • A combination of Þ and Đ.

  • Ť • [c] • A soft, palatalized "t", like a "t" and "y" sound mashed tightly together (Czech "ť").

  • Ŧ • [tˢ] • A "t" sound that immediately bursts into a sharp "s" hiss.

  • Þ • [θ] • Like the voiceless "th" in "think" (the old Norse letter Thorn).

  • U • [u] • Like the "oo" in "loot".

  • Ù • [ʊ] • Like the "oo" in "foot".

  • Û • [ɯ] • Make an "oo" sound, but spread your lips wide flat without rounding them (found in Japanese and Korean).

  • Ü • [y] • A bright German "ü" vowel.

  • Ũ • [ũ] • A nasalized "oo" sound.

  • Ū • [ɯ:] • A long, unrounded flat "oo" sound.

  • Ů • [uo] • A diphthong that smoothly glides from "oo" to "oh".

  • Ų • [ũ:] • A long, nasalized "oo" sound.

  • V • [v] • Like the "v" in "vine".

  • W • [w] • Like the "w" in "win".

  • Ŵ • [vʷ] • A "v" sound spoken with rounded lips.

  • X • [ks] • Like the "x" in "box".

  • Y • [j] • Like the "y" in "yellow".

  • Ý • [ai] • Sounds like the word "hi" or "bye".

  • Ŷ • [ɔɪ] • Like the "oy" in "boy".

  • Ÿ • [eɪ] • Like the "ay" in "day".

  • Z • [z] • Like the "z" in "zebra".

  • Ź • [ʑ] • A soft, buzzing "z" sound (Polish "ź").

  • Ż • [ʐ] • A thick, heavy "zh" sound with the tongue curled back (Polish "ż").

  • ‘ • [ʔ] • A glottal stop. This is a sudden catch in the throat, like the silent catch in the middle of "uh-oh".