Overview

Ruvian has two types of questions: information questions and yes/no questions. Each type follows a different grammatical structure.

All written questions must begin with ¿ and end with ?.

1. Information questions

Information questions are used to request specific information, such as a person, object, location, reason or manner.

Information questions retain the standard Subject–Verb–Object (SVO) word order. They require a question particle placed at the beginning of the sentence, immediately after the opening question mark.

Structure:

¿ QP + S + V + O ?

Question particle + Subject + Verb + Object

The interrogative word occupies the position corresponding to the information being requested.

Examples (English structural translations):

Example	Structure
¿What do I eat?	QP + I + eat + what
¿Where does she live?	QP + she + lives + where
¿Why do they sing?	QP + they + sing + why
¿Who does he see?	QP + he + sees + who

Information questions do not change the ordinary sentence word order.

2. Yes/no questions

Yes/no questions are used when the expected answer is an affirmation or negation.

Unlike information questions, yes/no questions use Object–Subject–Verb (OSV) word order.

They do not use a question particle.

Structure:

¿ O + S + V ?

Object + Subject + Verb

The object is moved to the beginning of the sentence, followed by the subject and verb.

Examples (English structural translations):

Statement	Yes/no question
I eat bread.	¿Bread I eat?
She reads books.	¿Books she reads?
They see the house.	¿The house they see?
He writes a letter.	¿A letter he writes?

The OSV arrangement is mandatory for standard yes/no questions.

3. Question punctuation

Ruvian uses two punctuation marks to identify interrogative sentences:

Symbol	Function
`¿`	Opening question mark
`?`	Closing question mark

Both marks are mandatory in written questions.

Correct: ¿ ... ?

Incorrect: ... ?

Incorrect: ¿ ...

The punctuation applies to both information questions and yes/no questions.

4. Interrogative words

Ruvian uses interrogative words to request specific information.

The following English meanings represent the categories that Ruvian's interrogative vocabulary should cover.

Meaning	Function
Who	Person
What	Object or action
Where	Location
When	Time
Why	Reason
How	Manner
Which	Selection
How many	Quantity

These words retain their normal grammatical positions within information questions.

5. Negative questions

Negation follows the ordinary Ruvian negation rule: the negative particle appears immediately before the verb.

The negative particle does not change the question's word order.

Information question:

[ ¿QP+S+NEG+V+O? ]

Yes/no question:

[ ¿O+S+NEG+V? ]

The question particle remains exclusive to information questions.

6. Summary of question formation

Feature	Information questions	Yes/no questions
Word order	SVO	OSV
Question particle	Required	Not used
Opening `¿`	Required	Required
Closing `?`	Required	Required
Interrogative words	Used	Not required
Negation	Before verb	Before verb