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Sentence Structure 2

1 min read · 164 words

SENTENCE STRUCTURE 2: PRONOUNS, VERBS & COMPLEX CONSTRUCTIONS

Pronoun System:

Singular:

  • an = I

  • anta = you (masculine)

  • anti = you (feminine)

  • hu = he

  • hi = she

Plural:

  • ihna = we

  • antum = you (plural)

  • hum = they (masculine)

  • hunna = they (feminine)

Verb Conjugation:

Verbs conjugate through person/number affixes. Model verb θalarda (understand):

Person

Singular

Plural

1st

θalarda-an (I understand)

θalarda-na (we understand)

2nd M

θalarda-ta (you understand)

θalarda-tum (you pl. understand)

2nd F

θalarda-ti (you fem. understand)

—

3rd M

θalarda (he understands)

θalarda-u (they understand)

3rd F

θalarda-at (she understands)

θalarda-una (they fem. understand)

Case & Postposition System:

  • -min = from/origin

  • -to = to/toward

  • -i = possessive (of)

  • -an = locative (in/at)

Examples:

  • shakhs-min = from a person

  • ðat-to = to water

  • q'alabi-i batar = heart of hare

  • ðat-an = at/in water

Complex Sentences:

Coordination (and/or):

  • wa = and

  • aw = or

Example: θalarda an anta wa ratha batar = "I understand you and the hare ran"

Subordination:

  • itha = if/when

  • anna = that

Example: θalarda an anna ratha batar = "I understand that the hare ran"