Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
22 consonants
9 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | · | kg | · | |||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | · | ŋ | · | |||||||
| Trill | · | · | r | · | · | · | · | |||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | sz | ʃʒ | · | · | h | |||||||
| Affricate | · | · | · | tʃdʒ | · | · | · | |||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | j | w | · | |||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | |||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | u |
| Near-close | ɪ | · | ʊ |
| Close-mid | · | · | o |
| Mid | · | ə | · |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | · |
| Near-open | æ | · | · |
| Open | · | · | ɑ |
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 388 transcribed dictionary entries (1,244 total tokens)
/ɑ/
124 (10%)
/ɛ/
109 (8.8%)
/n/
69 (5.5%)
/k/
64 (5.1%)
/d/
63 (5.1%)
/i/
63 (5.1%)
/u/
58 (4.7%)
/g/
58 (4.7%)
/t/
57 (4.6%)
/oʊ/
57 (4.6%)
/æ/
47 (3.8%)
/b/
46 (3.7%)
/ə/
39 (3.1%)
/s/
38 (3.1%)
/f/
38 (3.1%)
/r/
35 (2.8%)
/j/
33 (2.7%)
/dʒ/
30 (2.4%)
/m/
27 (2.2%)
/l/
25 (2%)
/p/
23 (1.8%)
/tʃ/
22 (1.8%)
/h/
20 (1.6%)
/v/
20 (1.6%)
/ɪ/
20 (1.6%)
/ʃ/
17 (1.4%)
/w/
12 (1%)
/o/
12 (1%)
/ʒ/
11 (0.9%)
/ŋ/
6 (0.5%)