Skip to main content
Sign in

Phonology

1 min read · 260 words

Aʻoonirobi has a small inventory of consonants (13) but a large number of vowels (16) and, because of the Aʻoonirob's unique vocal physiology, there are no voiceless consonants (besides arguably /ʔ/) and no rounded vowels.

Consonants

Bilabial

Labiodental

Alveolar

Palatal

Velar

Uvular

Glottal

Nasal

m

n³

[ɲ]

ŋ²

Plosive

b

d

ɟ

g

ʔ

Fricative

[β]

v¹

Approximant

j

Trill

ʙ

r

ʀ

  1. /v/ is realized as [β] before any trill

  2. /ŋ/ becomes palatal [ɲ] when following any nasal vowel

  3. /n/ becomes velarized as [nˠ] following a nasal vowel

Vowels

There are 4 'cardinal' vowels /i, ɯ, ɛ, ʌ/ and there is a modal/nasal as well as a short/long distinction for each vowel for a total of 16 vowels.

Front

Back

Modal

Nasal

Modal

Nasal

Close

Short

i

ĩ

ɯ

ɯ̃

Long

i:

ĩ:

ɯ:

ɯ̃:

Open-mid

Short

ɛ

ɛ̃¹

ʌ

ʌ̃²

Long

ɛ:

ɛ̃:¹

ʌ:

ʌ̃:²

  1. lowers to [æ̃] / [æ̃ː] when adjacent any nasal consonant

  2. lowers and centralizes to [ɐ̃] / [ɐ̃ː] adjacent any nasal consonant

Phonotactics

All syllables have the nucleus of any vowel (V), there can optionally be an onset of:
(1) any consonant (C) or
(2) any bilabial or labio-dental followed by a non-bilabial trill (Ŕ)
and finally those can be followed optionally by a coda of any consonant except /j/.

Thus: (C⊻BŔ)V(C*)

Additionally a syllable with a onset of a glottal stop cannot be preceded by a syllable with a coda consisting of a glottal stop. Therefore, (C⊻BŔ)Vʕ.ʕV(C*) is not permitted.

Harmony

No two syllables with differing vowels of the same height can appear consecutively.

So, [i] → [i,ɛ,ʌ], [ɯ] → [ɯ,ʌ,ɛ], [ɛ] → [ɛ,i,ɯ], and [ʌ] → [ʌ,i,ɯ].


Nasal vowel harmony is forward propagating from the root morpheme. So, CVCṼ-CVCV → CVCṼ-CṼCṼ.

However, it is blocked by glottal stops [ʔ] and certain suffixes. So, [tivɛ̃-nɛnɯ] → [tivɛ̃-nɛ̃nɯ̃] but [tivɛ̃ʔ-nɛnɯ] would stay the same.

ፐ~_ኗፕ_<፤_ተቄ_<ሦ<ፄ~_ፐ~_<፤ኔ~ቾ_ተኅ቎_ቔሎዩ
1S

Word count mismatch between sentence and gloss line

‘Thanks for taking a look’