Paradigm Tables
Morphological patterns, declensions, and conjugations for African
Veller conjugation
Infinitive: Veller
Present participle: Volent
Past participle: Volid
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | Vuol | Vuol | Volevə | Veirró | Viel | Vuoli(s) | Veirriá | Veirrevǝ | — |
| 2nd person singular | Vuole(s) | Vuoli(s) | Voleva(s) | Veirrá(s) | Vieli(s) | Vuolise(s) | Veirriá(s) | Veirreva(s) | Vi(s) |
| 3rd person singular | Vul | Vuol | Volevə | Veirrá | Viel | Vuoli(s) | Veirriá | Veirrevǝ | — |
| 1st person plural | Vuolumu(s) | Vuolimu(s) | Volevamu(s) | Veirremus | Velimu(s) | Volisemu(s) | Veirriamu(s) | Veirrevamu(s) | Vuolumu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | Vulti(s) | Vuolisti(s) | Volevadi(s) | Veirredi(s) | Velidi(s) | Volisedi(s) | Veirriadi(s) | Veirrevadi(s) | Vuld |
| 3rd person plural | Vuolun | Volerun | Volevan | Veirran | Vielin | Vuolisen | Veirrian | Veirrevan | — |
Possessive determiners
| Masculine singular | Feminine singular | Masculine plural | Feminine plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | Me | Meǝ | Meo(s) | Mea(s) |
| 2nd person singular | Tu | Tuǝ | Tuo(s) | Tua(s) |
| 1st person plural | Nuostr | Nuostrǝ | Nuostro(s) | Nuostra(s) |
| 2nd person plural | Vuostr | Vuostrǝ | Vuostro(s) | Vuostra(s) |
| 3rd person | Su | Suǝ | Suo(s) | Sua(s) |
Poser conjugation
Infinitive: Poser
Present participle: Puotent
Past participle: Posut
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | Puo(s) | Puod | Posevǝ | Posró | Puo(s) | Puodi(s) | Posriá | Posrevǝ | — |
| 2nd person singular | Puode(s) | Puodi(s) | Poseva(s) | Posrá(s) | Puosi(s) | Puodise(s) | Posriá(s) | Posreva(s) | Puode(s) |
| 3rd person singular | Puode(s) | Puod | Posevǝ | Posrá | Puo(s) | Puodi(s) | Posriá | Posrevǝ | — |
| 1st person plural | Puosumu(s) | Puodimu(s) | Posevamu(s) | Posremu(s) | Posimu(s) | Podisemu(s) | Posriamu(s) | Posrevamu(s) | Posumu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | Puodesti(s) | Puodisti(s) | Posevadi(s) | Posredi(s) | Posidi(s) | Podisedi(s) | Posriadi(s) | Posrevadi(s) | Puosed |
| 3rd person plural | Puosun | Poterun | Posevan | Posran | Puosin | Puodisen | Posrian | Posrevan | — |
Pronoun chart
| Subject | Direct object | Indirect object | Reflexive | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | Yo | -me | -mi | -me |
| 2nd person singular | Tú | -te | -ti | -te |
| 3rd person singular | Il/Illǝ | -lu/-lǝ | -li | -se |
| 1st person plural | No(s) | -no(s) | -no(s) | -no(s) |
| 2nd person plural | Vo(s) | -vo(s) | -vo(s) | -vo(s) |
| 3rd person plural | Ille(s)/Illa(s) | -lo(s)/-la(s)/-le(s) | -li(s) | -se |
Aver conjugation
Infinitive: Aver
Present participle: Avent
Past participle: Had
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | Ho | Av | Avevə | Avró | Haviə | Havi(s) | Havriá | Avrevə | — |
| 2nd person singular | Ha(s) | Aví(s) | Aveva(s) | Avrá(s) | Havia(s) | Havise(s) | Havriá(s) | Avreva(s) | Hav |
| 3rd person singular | Ha | Av | Avevə | Avrá | Haviə | Havi(s) | Havriá | Avrevə | — |
| 1st person plural | Avemu(s) | Avimu(s) | Avevamu(s) | Avremu(s) | Haviamu(s) | Havisemu(s) | Havriamu(s) | Avrevamu(s) | Havemu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | Avedi(s) | Avisti(s) | Avevadi(s) | Avredi(s) | Haviadi(s) | Havisedi(s) | Havriadi(s) | Avrevadi(s) | Haved |
| 3rd person plural | Han | Averun | Avevan | Avran | Havian | Havisen | Havrian | Avrevan | — |
Star conjugation
Infinitive : Istar
Present participle : Istant(e)
Past participle : Istad(ə/o/a)
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | Stó | Sted | Stavǝ | Staró | Ste | Stedi(s) | Stariá | Starevǝ | — |
| 2nd person singular | Stá(s) | Stedí(s) | Stava(s) | Stará(s) | Ste(s) | Stedise(s) | Stariá(s) | Stareva(s) | Stá |
| 3rd person singular | Stá | Sted | Stavǝ | Stará | Ste | Stedi(s) | Stariá | Starevǝ | — |
| 1st person plural | Stamu(s) | Stedimu(s) | Stavamu(s) | Staremu(s) | Stemu(s) | Stedisemu(s) | Stariamu(s) | Starevamu(s) | Stamu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | Stadi(s) | Stedisti(s) | Stavadi(s) | Staredi(s) | Stedi(s) | Stedisedi(s) | Stariadi(s) | Starevadi(s) | Stad |
| 3rd person plural | Stan | Stederun | Stavan | Staran | Sten | Stedisen | Starian | Starevan | — |
Eser conjugation
Infinitive : Eser
Present participle : Sent(e)
Past participle : Sut(ə/o/a)
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | Sú | Fui | Erǝ | Esró | Si | Fui(s) | Esriá | Esrevǝ | — |
| 2nd person singular | É(s) | Fui(s) | Era(s) | Esrá(s) | Si(s) | Fuise(s) | Esriá(s) | Esreva(s) | É(s) |
| 3rd person singular | É(s) | Fui | Erǝ | Esrá | Si | Fui(s) | Esriá | Esrevǝ | — |
| 1st person plural | Sumu(s) | Fuimu(s) | Eramu(s) | Esremu(s) | Simu(s) | Fuisemu(s) | Esriamu(s) | Esrevamu(s) | Sumu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | Esti(s) | Fuisti(s) | Eradi(s) | Esredi(s) | Sidi(s) | Fuisedi(s) | Esriadi(s) | Esrevadi(s) | Esti(s) |
| 3rd person plural | Sun | Fuerun | Eran | Esran | Sín | Fuisen | Esrian | Esrevan | — |
Fourth conjugation
Infinitive : -ir
Present participle : -ient(e)
Past participle : -id(ə/o/a)
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | -i | -í | -ievə | -ró | -iə | -í(s) | -riá | -irevə | — |
| 2nd person singular | -i(s) | -í(s) | -ieva(s) | -rá(s) | -ia(s) | -íse(s) | -riá(s) | -ireva(s) | -∅ |
| 3rd person singular | -∅ | -í(s) | -ievə | -rá | -iə | -í(s) | -riá | -irevə | — |
| 1st person plural | -imu(s) | -imu(s) | -ievamu(s) | -remu(s) | -iamu(s) | -isemu(s) | -riamu(s) | -irevamu(s) | -imu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | -idi(s) | -isti(s) | -ievadi(s) | -redi(s) | -iadi(s) | -isedi(s) | -riadis) | -irevadi(s) | -id |
| 3rd person plural | -iun | -irun | -ievan | -ran | -ian | -isen | -rian | -irevan | — |
Third conjugation
Infinitif : -r
Participe présent : -ent(e)
Participe passé : -id(ə/o/a)
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | -∅ | -∅ | -evǝ | -ró | -ǝ | -i(s) | -riá | -revǝ | — |
| 2nd person singular | -i(s) | -í(s) | -eva(s) | -rá(s) | -a(s) | -ise(s) | -riá(s) | -reva(s) | -∅ |
| 3rd person singular | -∅ | -∅ | -evǝ | -rá | -ǝ | -i(s) | -riá | -revǝ | — |
| 1st person plural | -imu(s) | -imu(s) | -evamu(s) | -remu(s) | -amu(s) | -isemu(s) | -riamu(s) | -revamu(s) | -imu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | -idi(s) | -isti(s) | -evadi(s) | -redi(s) | -adi(s) | -isedi(s) | -riadi(s) | -revadi(s) | -id |
| 3rd person plural | -un | -erun | -evan | -ran | -an | -isen | -rian | -revan | — |
Second conjugation
Infinitive : -er
Present participle : -ent(e)
Past participle : -id(ə/o/a)
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | -∅ | -∅ | -evə | -ró | -iə | -i(s) | -riá | -revə | — |
| 2nd person singular | -e(s) | -í(s) | -eva(s) | -rá(s) | -ia(s) | -ise(s) | -riá(s) | -reva(s) | -∅ |
| 3rd person singular | -∅ | -∅ | -evə | -rá | -iə | -i(s) | -riá | -revə | — |
| 1st person plural | -emu(s) | -imu(s) | -evamu(s) | -remu(s) | -iamu(s) | -isemu(s) | -riamu(s) | -revamu(s) | -emu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | -edi(s) | -isti(s) | -evadi(s) | -redi(s) | -iadi(s) | -isedi(s) | -riadis) | -revadi(s) | -ed |
| 3rd person plural | -en | -erun | -evan | -ran | -ian | -isen | -rian | -revan | — |
First conjugation
Infinitive : -ar
Present participle : -ant(e)
Past participle : -ad(ə/o/a)
| Present indicative | Preterite indicative | Imperfect indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Imperfect subjunctive | Future subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | -∅ | -á | -avə | -ró | -∅ | -á(s) | -riá | -revə | — |
| 2nd person singular | -a(s) | -á(s) | -ava(s) | -rá(s) | -e(s) | -ase(s) | -riá(s) | -reva(s) | -ǝ |
| 3rd person singular | -ǝ | -á | -avə | -rá | -∅ | -á(s) | -riá | -revə | — |
| 1st person plural | -amu(s) | -amu(s) | -avamu(s) | -remu(s) | -emu(s) | -asemu(s) | -riamu(s) | -revamu(s) | -amu(s) |
| 2nd person plural | -adi(s) | -asti(s) | -avadi(s) | -redi(s) | -edi(s) | -asedi(s) | -riadis) | -revadi(s) | -ad |
| 3rd person plural | -an | -arun | -avan | -ran | -en | -asen | -rian | -revan | — |