Verb Inflection

Ruvian verb conjugation, grammatical person and mandatory verb endings

Ruvian uses a mandatory verb inflection system in which every verb must be conjugated when used in a sentence. Verbs change their endings according to their conjugation group and the grammatical person and number of the subject.

Ruvian has three verb conjugation groups: -ar, -er and -ir.

A verb's infinitive form is its dictionary form. When used in an ordinary sentence, it must be changed into its appropriate conjugated form.

1. Verb conjugation groups

Every Ruvian verb belongs to one of three conjugation groups:

Group	Infinitive ending
First conjugation	-ar
Second conjugation	-er
Third conjugation	-ir

The conjugation group determines which endings are used when the verb is inflected.

2. Personal verb endings

Ruvian verbs are conjugated according to six grammatical categories:

First person singular (I)
First person plural (we)
Second person singular (you)
Second person plural (you all)
Third person singular (he, she, it)
Third person plural (they)

Each conjugation group has its own set of endings.

3. Complete verb conjugation paradigm

First conjugation: -ar

Person	Ending
Infinitive	-ar
First person singular	-o
First person plural	-amos
Second person singular	-as
Second person plural	-atè
Third person singular	-a
Third person plural	-an

Second conjugation: -er

Person	Ending
Infinitive	-er
First person singular	-o
First person plural	-emos
Second person singular	-es
Second person plural	-etè
Third person singular	-e
Third person plural	-en

Third conjugation: -ir

Person	Ending
Infinitive	-ir
First person singular	-o
First person plural	-imos
Second person singular	-is
Second person plural	-itè
Third person singular	-i
Third person plural	-in

4. How conjugation works

To conjugate a verb, identify its infinitive group and replace its infinitive ending with the appropriate personal ending.

For example, using the verb stem:

[verb stem] + [personal ending]

The appropriate ending is selected according to the subject of the sentence.

The same principle applies to all three conjugation groups.

5. Mandatory verb inflection

Every ordinary verb must be conjugated when functioning as a verb in a sentence.

Using an infinitive form where a conjugated form is required is grammatically incorrect.

For example, a verb referring to an action performed by the first person singular must use the first-person singular ending, regardless of its position in the sentence.

This requirement applies to:

Main verbs.
Action verbs.
Linking verbs.
Verbs used in questions.
Verbs used in negative sentences.
Verbs used in statements and commands, where applicable.

Verb conjugation is determined by grammatical person and number, not by the gender of the subject.

For example, a first-person singular verb has the same conjugation whether the speaker is male, female or of unspecified gender.

6. Infinitives and exceptions

Infinitive forms are retained for dictionary entries and when referring to a verb as an abstract action or concept.

However, infinitives cannot ordinarily replace conjugated verbs in sentences.

Any additional exceptions must be explicitly established within Ruvian grammar.

7. Summary

Ruvian verb inflection follows three regular conjugation patterns:

Person	-ar	-er	-ir
Infinitive	-ar	-er	-ir
First person singular	-o	-o	-o
First person plural	-amos	-emos	-imos
Second person singular	-as	-es	-is
Second person plural	-atè	-etè	-itè
Third person singular	-a	-e	-i
Third person plural	-an	-en	-in

The central rule of Ruvian verb grammar is that every verb must use its appropriate conjugated form when used in a sentence.

The infinitive is reserved for dictionary forms and other grammatically appropriate infinitive constructions. The conjugation must always agree with the grammatical person and number of the subject.