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Nouns

1 min read · 215 words

Animacy system

Taltal taxem has 3 noun clases. Nouns are put into the clases depending on their animacy.

Animate

Things that are alive in a biological way count as Animate.

Example: animals, fungi, bacteria

Exeption: Deceased humans or pets cound as animate

Inanimate

Physical things that are not alive in an biolagical way count as Inanimate.

Example: stone, water, fire, astonomical bodies

Neither

Everything that dose not cleanly fit into the other 2 categories counts as Neiter.

Things that are includeed in that category include:

Non-physical concepts: ethics, math, time, emotions

Dead things of organic origin: leaf litter, soil, food

Mixed materials: mixed fabrics, ecosystems

This category also functions as a backup, when the speakter / writer does not know the origin and / or makeup of a thing they refer to

The effect of the Animacy of a noun

Depending on the animacy of a noun a different verb conjugation in the 3rd Person is used when the noun akst as the subject of the Sentences

maumau
cat
rit
COP-3SG.AN
lun-är
small-ADJ

‘The cat is small.’

Animate nouns use the -it suffix in the singular and the -itfe suffix in the plural.

tug
stone
rir
COP-3SG.INAN
zmält-är
big-ADJ

‘The stone is big.’

Inanimate nouns use the -ir suffix in the singular and the -irfe suffix in the plural.

ita
knowledge
ril
COP-3SG.NTH
tezmä-jär
importance-ADJ

‘Knowledge is important.’

Neither nouns use the -il suffix in the singular and the -ilfe suffix in the plural.