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ᚱ ꦏ Ω ᛟ გ अ ع ש ᜀ ᓀ θ Ψ ᚠ 愛 ⴀ
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Grammar

23 pages · 7,912 words

1.

Introduction

- A phonemic orthography - Tunisian shows an affirmative zero-copula in the present tense, ie. there is no "i am ...", "…

149 words

2.

Spelling and Pronunciation

Spelling This is a personal effort to standardize the variety. I chose a neutral way for the spelling. I find this versi…

1,119 words

3.

Conjugation

Tunisian technically has perfect/imperfect. That is whether someone is done or still doing something. In their simplest…

731 words

4.

Consonant-stacking principle

For the rest of this paper about CSP, we'll be denoting: C a consonant sound V a vowel sound # the rest of the word's st…

296 words

5.

Compound tenses

Simple future Just add "beeş" before the simple present verb and there you have it; the simple future: Distant Future Ad…

193 words

6.

Word Order

Reminder: Tunisian is pro-drop. You don't need to use personal pronouns at all. Through its inflections, a verb is enoug…

470 words

7.

Serial Verb Constructions

Tunisian doesn't follow the "two successive verbs; the second is put in the infinitive". Instead, you may put as many su…

201 words

8.

Coronal and Non-coronal Consonants

Tunisian definite article is "el" in its construct form. Although it is not gendered or numbered, it becomes mutated dep…

325 words

9.

Prepositions

Tunisian prepositions are of two states: Mutated: when followed by definite nouns Construct: otherwise Construct is the…

101 words

10.

Prepositional pronouns

They are pronouns that are suffixed roughly with the object pronoun

11 words

11.

Genitive case and Possessives

Although it lost every aspect of Arabic grammatical cases, Tunisian developped a genitive case. The majority of nouns en…

578 words

12.

Reflexives

Abstract reflexive: used with verbs, expressing reflexive actions, the person through their actions Effectice reflexive:…

152 words

13.

Modals

We're gonna need this: Modals in Tunisian are either prepositions or participles: Prepositions: Ĝand = 'to have' (lit: "…

272 words

14.

Questions and negation

Questions Şnúe "What" questions, not followed with a "to be + Subject" construction, are said in Tunisian as "şnúe..." W…

853 words

15.

Elative

The elative is a gender-free number-free adjective grammatical case that marks: Comparative: if it comes after the noun…

230 words

16.

Plural and Dual forms

Plural It's highly irregular, you'd have a hard time memorizing each word and its corresponding plural. However some nou…

471 words

17.

Causative and passive verbs

Causative It's of the formula {C¹}a{C²}{C²}{a if C³ in [ħ,ĝ] else e}{C³} CCVC group C¹, C² and C³ figure in infinitive;…

400 words

18.

Counting

All numbers, except 1 and 0, are feminine when standalone. Numbers from 0-10 go 0 - ṣfer (sfer) ['s⁽ˤ⁾fɘr] 1 - weeħd ['w…

435 words

19.

Colors

They are both adjective and noun each Basic colors: Aħmer = Red Aṣfer = Yellow Aꝁḍer = Green Azreq = Blue Aꝁħel = Black…

206 words

20.

Intrusive Dative

Sometimes Tunisians like to insert pronomial dative (for me, for you, for us...) right after the verb and before the acc…

182 words

21.

Time

To ask for time: " Qaddeeş el waqt " or " Qaddeeş waqt " Tunisians would almost always read time analog so it's essentia…

313 words

22.

Similarities Cross Linguistically

I learn languages from time to time and I often notice some specific shared grammatical notions. Mandarin Manadarin has…

224 words

23.

Imeele