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Adjectives

2 min read · 450 words

Asteran Adjectives

Asteran adjectives stand before the noun.

Adjectives agree with the noun in case and number, but not in gender, because Asteran has no grammatical gender.

Basic noun phrase order:

Possessive + Degree Marker + Adjective + Noun

Examples:

sacrau astor
= sacred cantor

tser sacrau astor
= more sacred cantor

tson sacrau astor
= most sacred cantor


Adjective Formation

The general adjective ending is:

-au

Example:

sacr-
= sacredness, holiness, consecrated quality

sacrau
= sacred, holy, consecrated

Other possible examples:

clarau
= clear, pure

malgau
= fractured, broken, discordant


Adjective Declension

Adjectives use the same case-number endings as nouns.

Before vowel-initial case/number endings, final -au becomes -aw-.

Rule:

au → aw / _V

So:

sacrau
= sacred

but:

sacrawam
= sacred-ACC.SG

sacrawī
= sacred-NOM.PL


Example Declension: sacrau

Case

Singular

Plural

Nominative

sacrau

sacrawī

Genitive

sacrawēn

sacrawōn

Dative

sacrawai

sacrawīs

Accusative

sacrawam

sacrawās

Ablative

sacrawō

sacrawūm

Locative

sacrawul

sacrawīl

Vocative

sacrawe

sacrawī


Agreement Examples

sacrau astor
= sacred cantor

sacrawam astoram
= sacred cantor as object

sacrawī astorī
= sacred cantors

sacrawōn astorōn
= of the sacred cantors

sacrawul astorul
= within the sacred cantor

Adjectives agree with the noun in case and number.


Comparative and Superlative

Asteran does not use comparative or superlative suffixes. Instead, it uses degree particles before the adjective.

Degree

Marker

Example

Meaning

Positive

—

sacrau

sacred

Comparative

tser

tser sacrau

more sacred

Superlative

tson

tson sacrau

most sacred

Examples:

sacrau astor
= sacred cantor

tser sacrau astor
= more sacred cantor

tson sacrau astor
= most sacred cantor

When the adjective is declined, the degree marker stays unchanged.

tser sacrawam astoram
= the more sacred cantor as object

tson sacrawī astorī
= the most sacred cantors


“Than” Construction

Asteran uses the ablative for comparison.

tser sacrau astor astorō
= a cantor more sacred than the cantor

Literally:

more sacred cantor from/by the cantor


“Most Of” Construction

Asteran uses the genitive plural for “the most X of Y.”

tson sacrau astor astorōn
= the most sacred cantor of the cantors


Verbal Adjectives

Participles are handled as verbal adjectives.

The active verbal adjective is formed with:

verb stem + -au

The passive verbal adjective is formed with:

verb stem + -au + -t

Example:

cal-
= bind, constrain, impose order on

calau
= binding, order-imposing

calaut
= bound, order-imposed

This preserves the normal Asteran passive marker -t.

Compare:

calei
= it binds

caleit
= it is bound

calau
= binding

calaut
= bound


Verbal Adjective Examples

calau astor
= binding cantor / cantor who binds

calaut astor
= bound cantor

calawam astoram
= binding cantor as object

calautam astoram
= bound cantor as object

calawī astorī
= binding cantors

calautī astorī
= bound cantors

The active verbal adjective calau follows the normal au → aw / _V rule.

The passive verbal adjective calaut does not change to w, because it ends in t, not au.