Adjectives
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Asteran Adjectives
Asteran adjectives stand before the noun.
Adjectives agree with the noun in case and number, but not in gender, because Asteran has no grammatical gender.
Basic noun phrase order:
Possessive + Degree Marker + Adjective + Noun
Examples:
sacrau astor
= sacred cantor
tser sacrau astor
= more sacred cantor
tson sacrau astor
= most sacred cantor
Adjective Formation
The general adjective ending is:
-au
Example:
sacr-
= sacredness, holiness, consecrated quality
sacrau
= sacred, holy, consecrated
Other possible examples:
clarau
= clear, pure
malgau
= fractured, broken, discordant
Adjective Declension
Adjectives use the same case-number endings as nouns.
Before vowel-initial case/number endings, final -au becomes -aw-.
Rule:
au → aw / _V
So:
sacrau
= sacred
but:
sacrawam
= sacred-ACC.SG
sacrawī
= sacred-NOM.PL
Example Declension: sacrau
Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
Nominative | sacrau | sacrawī |
Genitive | sacrawēn | sacrawōn |
Dative | sacrawai | sacrawīs |
Accusative | sacrawam | sacrawās |
Ablative | sacrawō | sacrawūm |
Locative | sacrawul | sacrawīl |
Vocative | sacrawe | sacrawī |
Agreement Examples
sacrau astor
= sacred cantor
sacrawam astoram
= sacred cantor as object
sacrawī astorī
= sacred cantors
sacrawōn astorōn
= of the sacred cantors
sacrawul astorul
= within the sacred cantor
Adjectives agree with the noun in case and number.
Comparative and Superlative
Asteran does not use comparative or superlative suffixes. Instead, it uses degree particles before the adjective.
Degree | Marker | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
Positive | — | sacrau | sacred |
Comparative | tser | tser sacrau | more sacred |
Superlative | tson | tson sacrau | most sacred |
Examples:
sacrau astor
= sacred cantor
tser sacrau astor
= more sacred cantor
tson sacrau astor
= most sacred cantor
When the adjective is declined, the degree marker stays unchanged.
tser sacrawam astoram
= the more sacred cantor as object
tson sacrawī astorī
= the most sacred cantors
“Than” Construction
Asteran uses the ablative for comparison.
tser sacrau astor astorō
= a cantor more sacred than the cantor
Literally:
more sacred cantor from/by the cantor
“Most Of” Construction
Asteran uses the genitive plural for “the most X of Y.”
tson sacrau astor astorōn
= the most sacred cantor of the cantors
Verbal Adjectives
Participles are handled as verbal adjectives.
The active verbal adjective is formed with:
verb stem + -au
The passive verbal adjective is formed with:
verb stem + -au + -t
Example:
cal-
= bind, constrain, impose order on
calau
= binding, order-imposing
calaut
= bound, order-imposed
This preserves the normal Asteran passive marker -t.
Compare:
calei
= it binds
caleit
= it is bound
calau
= binding
calaut
= bound
Verbal Adjective Examples
calau astor
= binding cantor / cantor who binds
calaut astor
= bound cantor
calawam astoram
= binding cantor as object
calautam astoram
= bound cantor as object
calawī astorī
= binding cantors
calautī astorī
= bound cantors
The active verbal adjective calau follows the normal au → aw / _V rule.
The passive verbal adjective calaut does not change to w, because it ends in t, not au.