Conjugation Paradigms for One-Syllable Verbs
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One-syllable verbs are verbs which roots contain no vowels, for example: meir (m-eir), zir (z-ir), spir (sp-ir).
INDICATIVE MOOD
PAST TENSE
In Past Tense, one-syllable verbs take their respective circumfixes.
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | i-...-t meir > imt | e-...-t sir > est |
pl. | i-...-e meir > ime | e-...-e sir > ese |
Loina phonotactics do not allow:
1) clusters more than two consonants;
2) clusters with both consonants being plosive word-finally.
That means either some sound changes are to be applied ot epenthetic sound should emerge in Indicative Past Singular forms. Literary norm requires applications of sound changes, yet epenthetic "e" is widely spread in colloquial speech.
verbs | original stem + t | sound changes applied | epenthetic "e" |
|---|---|---|---|
peir (to want), beir (to give) | i-p-t, i-b-t | ift | ipte |
kir (to know), gir (to hold) | e-k-t, e-g-t | esht | ekte |
teir (to do), deir (to have) | i-t-t, i-d-t | it | itet, idet |
spir (to set, to put) gdeir (to read) | C1 + C2 + t e.g.: e-sp-t i-gd-t | C1 (changed if required) + t e.g.: est isht | C1 + C2 + et e.g.: espet igdet |
Stress is always placed on a prefix.
PRESENT TENSE
In Present Tense flexions are used:
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | -i meir > mi | -e sir > se |
pl. | -il meir > mil | -em sir > sem |
FUTURE TENSE
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | -el meir > mel | -íu sir > síu |
pl. | -el meir > mel | -im sir > sim |
EIR | Past | Present | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
sg. | i-...-t (prefix stressed) | -i | -el |
pl. | i-...-e (prefix streesed) | -il | -el |
IR | Past | Present | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
sg. | e-...-t (prefix stressed) | -e | -íu |
pl. | e-...-e (prefix stressed) | -em | -im |
SUBJUNCTIVE-IMPERATIVE MOOD
PAST TENSE
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | i-...-ize meir > imize | e-...-eze sir > eseze |
pl. | i-...-irze meir > imirze | e-...-erze sir > eserze |
Stress lies on the first syllable of a suffix:, i.e.: imize, eserze, etc.
PRESENT TENSE
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | -iv meir > miv | -ev sir > sev |
pl. | -ils meir > mils | -ems sir > sems |
FUTURE TENSE
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | -ez meir > sez | -iz sir > siz |
pl. | -ez meir > sez | -iz sir > siz |
EIR | Past | Present | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
sg. | i-...-ize (suffix stressed) | -iv | -ez |
pl. | i-...-irze (suffix stressed) | -ils | -ez |
IR | Past | Present | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
sg. | e-...-eze (suffix stressed) | -ev | -iz |
pl. | e-...-erze (suffix stressed) | -ems | -iz |
IREAL-CONDITIONAL MOOD (or IRREAL and CONDITIONAL MOODS)
PAST TENSE (IRREAL MOOD only)
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | i-...-iát meir > imaiat | e-...-iát sir > esiát |
pl. | i-...-iár meir > imiár | e-...-iár sir > esiár |
PRESENT AND FUTURE IRREAL
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | -a meir > ma | -a sir > sa |
pl. | -al meir > mal | -am sir > sam |
PRESENT CONDITIONAL
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | -o meir > mo | -o sir > so |
pl. | -ol meir > mol | -om sir > som |
FUTURE CONDITIONAL
-eir | -ir | |
|---|---|---|
sg. | -eiól meir > meiól | -ió sir > sió |
pl. | -eiól meir > meiól | -ióm sir > sióm |