Cases

The Nominative case (N) = 

The subject, the basic form of the word, answers the question Who / What; for example, father (sg), fathers (pl)

The Genitive case (G) =

(1) in English "of x" or "x's"; answers the questions Of whom / Of what; for example, father's (sg. ), fathers' (pl);

(2) is used after the prepositions bez (without), błiźko (near), do (to, into), dôprostržed (in(to) the middle of), mimo (out(side) of), miêsto (instead of), ôkolo (around), ôd (from), pôdlia (according to), pômimo (next to, around), pômôcą (by means of), vzdĺž (along), u (at), uprostred (in the middle of), vdlia (next to, adjacent to), vnątrž (in, inside of), vyše (above), z (out of, from), za (behind, also instr.)

The Dative case (D) =

(1) in English "to x"; answers the question To whom / To what; for example, to the father (sg), to the fathers (pl);

(2) is used after the prepositions k (to, towards), gvôli (because of), napržek (in spite of), náproti (facing, opposing), ôproti (facing, opposing), vôči (facing, against)

The Accusative case (A) =

(1) the direct object, answers the question Whom / What; for example, [I see the] father (sg), fathers (pl)

(2) is used after the prepositions: pržez(through), mięďi (between, among), ná (on, at), nád (above), pô (after, for), ô (about, on), pôd (under), pržez (for, because of), pržed (before, in front of), v (in, on), vzhľadom na (regarding, concerning), zá (behind, for)

The locative case (L) = used after the prepositions na (on), pô (after), ô (about, on), pržy (at, next to), v (in, on)

The Instrumental case (I) =

(1) in English "by (means of) x"; answers the question By (means of) whom / By (means of) what; for example [written] by the father;

(2) is used after the prepositions: mięďi (between, among), nád (above), pôd (under), pržed (before, in front of), z (with), zá (behind, at the back of)