5. Countable, Uncountable and Semi-Uncountable Nouns
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Sadarda!
Welcome, in this page, we will look at the 3 types of nouns in Samarian, yes you heard me right, 3, these three are:
Zavaǵavan (countable)
Zavaǵadadlan (uncountable)
Cazavaǵ (semi-uncountable)
Have in count:
Samarian has 5 grammatical numbers, singular, dual, trial, paucal and plural, remember to check them out in the Paradigms category.
1. Countable
Any noun that can take the suffix -la/-da is automatically countable, although, there's no need to add -la/-da if there's a number already.
For example:
Banbar (drum) » Banbarla (drums) » Kon banbar (twenty drums)
↓
Banbarkola (two drums) ❌
Banbarko (two drums) ✅
2. Uncountable
Nouns that can't be counted with numbers or plural suffixes are therefore, uncountable, and can only use words like "many", "few", or others, like counter words, but not numbers
For example:
Aika (time) » Aikala (times)❌
Maḱ aika (many time / a lot of time) ✅
Śagal aika (few time) ✅
Aikara (few time) ✅
3. Semi-uncountable
This is probably the weirdest category, it's nouns that cannot take -la/-da, cannot be pluralized, but CAN be quantified using numbers or words like many or few
For example:
Ÿolgor (footprint) » Ÿolgorla (footprints) ❌
Ÿolgorko (two footprints) ✅
Ÿolgora (few footprints) ✅
Kud ÿolgor (six footprints) ✅
Maḱ ÿolgor (many /a lot of footprints) ✅
Śagal ÿolgor (few footprints) ✅
Now, if you ask, is there a pattern? Sadly, no, although:
A lot of abstract concepts are uncountable (ex. suÿu 'love', zakon 'law'), groups of things (ex. vára 'money') liquids, gases, most foods and materials, but of course, there's plenty of exceptions.